Kule mihla, uphuhliso lwemizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo lukhawuleza kakhulu, kunye neemveliso ezihlaziywa rhoqo kunye neemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho wemveliso kunye nokusingqongileyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba imizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo iya kuba neemfuno eziphezulu zoyilo lwegumbi elicocekileyo.
Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwegumbi elicocekileyo
Ikhowudi yoyilo lwegumbi elicocekileyo eTshayina yi-GB50073-2013 standard. Inqanaba elipheleleyo lokucoceka komoya kumagumbi acocekileyo nakwiindawo ezicocekileyo kufuneka limiselwe ngokwetheyibhile elandelayo.
| Iklasi | Ubuninzi beeParticles/m3 | I-FED STD 209EEequivalent | |||||
| >=0.1 µm | >=0.2 µm | >=0.3 µm | >=0.5 µm | >=1 µm | >=5 µm | ||
| I-ISO 1 | 10 | 2 | |||||
| I-ISO 2 | 100 | 24 | 10 | 4 | |||
| I-ISO 3 | 1,000 | 237 | 102 | 35 | 8 | Iklasi 1 | |
| I-ISO 4 | 10,000 | 2,370 | 1,020 | 352 | 83 | Iklasi ye-10 | |
| I-ISO 5 | 100,000 | 23,700 | 10,200 | 3,520 | 832 | 29 | Iklasi ye-100 |
| I-ISO 6 | 1,000,000 | 237,000 | 102,000 | 35,200 | 8,320 | 293 | Iklasi ye-1,000 |
| I-ISO 7 | 352,000 | 83,200 | 2,930 | Iklasi ye-10,000 | |||
| I-ISO 8 | 3,520,000 | 832,000 | 29,300 | Iklasi ye-100,000 | |||
| I-ISO 9 | 35,200,000 | 8,320,000 | 293,000 | Umoya wegumbi | |||
Ipateni yokuhamba komoya kunye nokubonelela ngomthamo womoya kumagumbi acocekileyo
1. Uyilo lwepateni yokuhamba komoya kufuneka luhambelane nemigaqo elandelayo:
(1) Ipateni yokuhamba komoya kunye nomthamo womoya okhoyo kwigumbi elicocekileyo (indawo) kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno. Xa imfuneko yomgangatho wokucoca umoya ingqongqo kune-ISO 4, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukuhamba okuya kwicala elinye; Xa ucoceko lomoya luphakathi kwe-ISO 4 kunye ne-ISO 5, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukuhamba okuya kwicala elinye; Xa ucoceko lomoya luyi-ISO 6-9, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ukuhamba okuya kwicala elinye.
(2) Ukusasazwa komoya kwindawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo kufuneka kufane.
(3) Isantya sokuhamba komoya kwindawo yokusebenza ecocekileyo kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zenkqubo yemveliso.
2. Umthamo womoya wegumbi elicocekileyo kufuneka uthathe ixabiso eliphezulu lezinto ezintathu ezilandelayo:
(1) Umthamo womoya ofumanekayo ohlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wococeko lomoya.
(2) Umthamo womoya onikwayo umiselwa ngokusekelwe ekubalweni kwemithwalo yobushushu kunye nokufuma.
(3) Isixa somoya omtsha ofunekayo ukuhlawula umthamo womoya ophumayo ngaphakathi kunye nokugcina uxinzelelo oluhle lwangaphakathi; Qinisekisa ukuba umoya omtsha unikwa umntu ngamnye kwigumbi elicocekileyo ungaphantsi kwama-40m ngeyure.
3. Uyilo lwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwigumbi elicocekileyo kufuneka luqwalasele impembelelo kwiipateni zokuhamba komoya kunye nokucoceka komoya, kwaye kufuneka luhambelane nemigaqo elandelayo:
(1) Ibhentshi yokusebenzela ecocekileyo akufuneki ibekwe kwigumbi elicocekileyo lokuhamba komoya elihamba kwicala elinye, kwaye indawo yokungenisa umoya ebuyayo kwigumbi elicocekileyo lokuhamba komoya elingahambanga kwicala elinye kufuneka ibe kude nebhentshi yokusebenzela ecocekileyo.
(2) Izixhobo zokuqhuba ezifuna umoya kufuneka zibekwe kwicala elinomoya ophantsi kwigumbi elicocekileyo.
(3) Xa kukho izixhobo zokufudumeza, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okunciphisa impembelelo yokuhamba komoya oshushu ekusasazweni komoya.
(4) Ivalvu yoxinzelelo eseleyo kufuneka ibekwe kwicala elisezantsi lomoya ococekileyo.
Unyango lokucoca umoya
1. Ukukhethwa, ulungiselelo, kunye nokufakelwa kwezihluzi zomoya kufuneka kuhambelane nemigaqo elandelayo:
(1) Unyango lokucoca umoya kufuneka lukhethe izihluzi zomoya ngokusengqiqweni ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lokucoceka komoya.
(2) Umthamo womoya ocutshungulwayo wesihluzi somoya kufuneka ube ngaphantsi okanye ulingane nomthamo womoya olinganisiweyo.
(3) Izihluzi zomoya eziphakathi okanye ze-hepa mazigxininiswe kwicandelo loxinzelelo oluhle kwibhokisi yomoya opholileyo.
(4) Xa usebenzisa izihluzi ze-sub hepa kunye nezihluzi ze-hepa njengezihluzi zokugqibela, kufuneka zibekwe ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokucoca umoya. Izihluzi ze-Ultra hepa kufuneka zibekwe ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokucoca umoya.
(5) Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuxhathisa kwee-hepa (sub hepa, ultra hepa) air filters ezifakwe kwigumbi elinye elicocekileyo kufuneka kufane.
(6) Indlela yokufaka izihluzi zomoya ze-hepa (sub hepa, ultra hepa) kufuneka zibe ngqongqo, zibe lula, zithembeke, kwaye kube lula ukubona ukuvuza nokutshintsha.
2. Umoya omtsha wenkqubo yokucoca umoya kwiifektri ezinkulu ezicocekileyo kufuneka uphathwe embindini ukuze ucoce umoya.
3. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokucoca umoya kufuneka lusebenzise ngokufanelekileyo umoya obuyayo.
4. Umthandi wenkqubo yokucoca umoya kufuneka amkele amanyathelo okuguqula amaza.
- Amanyathelo okukhusela ukuqandisa kufuneka athathwe kwinkqubo yomoya yangaphandle ezinikeleyo kwiindawo ezibandayo nezibandayo kakhulu.
Ubushushu, umoya opholileyo, kunye nolawulo lomsi
1. Amagumbi okucoca anomoya ococekileyo ongaphezulu kwe-ISO 8 awavumelekanga ukusebenzisa ii-radiator ukufudumeza.
2. Izixhobo zokukhupha umoya zasekuhlaleni mazifakelwe izixhobo zokucubungula ezivelisa uthuli kunye neegesi eziyingozi kumagumbi acocekileyo.
3. Kwiimeko ezilandelayo, inkqubo yokukhupha umoya yasekuhlaleni kufuneka imiselwe ngokwahlukeneyo:
(1) Isixhobo sokukhupha umoya esixutyiweyo singavelisa okanye siwenze mandundu umonakalo, ubuthi, iingozi zokutsha kunye nokuqhuma, kunye nongcoliseko oluhambelanayo.
(2) Indawo yokukhupha umoya ineegesi ezinobungozi.
(3) Indawo yokukhupha umoya ineegesi ezivuthayo neziqhumayo.
4. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokukhupha umoya kwigumbi elicocekileyo kufuneka luhambelane nale migaqo ilandelayo:
(1) Ukubuyela komoya ngaphandle kufuneka kuthintelwe.
(2) Iinkqubo zokukhupha umoya zasekuhlaleni ezinezinto ezinokutsha neziqhumayo kufuneka zisebenzise amanyathelo okuthintela umlilo nokuqhuma afanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zazo zomzimba nezekhemikhali.
(3) Xa izinga loxinzelelo kunye nokukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi kwindawo yokukhupha umoya lidlula imigaqo yesizwe okanye yengingqi malunga noxinzelelo kunye nezinga lokukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi, kufuneka kwenziwe unyango olungenabungozi.
(4) Kwiinkqubo zokukhupha umoya eziqulethe umphunga wamanzi nezinto ezinokucola, kufuneka kubekwe imiqolo kunye neendawo zokukhupha umoya.
5. Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okungenisa umoya kumagumbi okuvelisa ancedisayo anjengokutshintsha izihlangu, ukugcina impahla, ukuhlamba impahla, izindlu zangasese, kunye neeshawa, kwaye ixabiso loxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluzinzileyo kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kunelo lendawo ecocekileyo.
6. Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa, kufuneka kufakwe inkqubo yokukhupha umoya ngengozi. Inkqubo yokukhupha umoya ngengozi kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngeeswitshi zokulawula ezizenzekelayo nezilawulwa ngesandla, kwaye iiswitshi zokulawula ngesandla kufuneka zibekwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwigumbi elicocekileyo nangaphandle ukuze kube lula ukuyisebenzisa.
7. Ukufakelwa kwezixhobo zokukhupha umsi kwiindawo zokusebenzela ezicocekileyo kufuneka kuhambelane nemigaqo elandelayo:
(1) Izixhobo zokukhupha umsi ngoomatshini mazifakwe kwiindawo zokukhupha umoya kwiindawo zokusebenzela ezicocekileyo.
(2) Izixhobo zokukhupha umsi ezifakwe kwindawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo kufuneka zihambelane nemigaqo efanelekileyo yomgangatho wesizwe wangoku.
Amanye amanyathelo oyilo lwegumbi elicocekileyo
1. Indawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngamagumbi kunye nezixhobo zokucoca abasebenzi kunye nokucoca izinto, kunye namagumbi okuhlala kunye namanye amagumbi njengoko kufuneka.
2. Ukubekwa kwamagumbi okucoca abasebenzi kunye namagumbi okuhlala kufuneka kuhambelane nale migaqo ilandelayo:
(1) Kufuneka kulungiselelwe igumbi lokucocwa kwabasebenzi, njengokugcina iimpahla zemvula, ukutshintsha izihlangu kunye neebhatyi, kunye nokutshintsha iimpahla zokusebenza ezicocekileyo.
(2) Iindlu zangasese, amagumbi okuhlambela, amagumbi okuhlambela, amagumbi okuphumla kunye namanye amagumbi okuhlala, kunye namagumbi okuhlambela anomoya, izitshixo zomoya, amagumbi okuhlamba iimpahla zomsebenzi, kunye namagumbi okomisa, anokulungiswa njengoko kufuneka.
3. Uyilo lwamagumbi okucoca abasebenzi kunye namagumbi okuhlala kufuneka luhambelane nale migaqo ilandelayo:
(1) Amanyathelo okucoca izihlangu kufuneka afakwe emnyango wegumbi lokucoca abasebenzi.
(2) Amagumbi okugcina iidyasi kunye nokutshintsha iimpahla zokusebenza ezicocekileyo kufuneka abekwe ngokwahlukeneyo.
(3) Ikhabhathi yokugcina impahla yangaphandle kufuneka yenziwe ibe nekhabhathi enye kumntu ngamnye, kwaye iimpahla zokusebenza ezicocekileyo mazixhonywe kwikhabhathi ecocekileyo enomoya ovuthuzayo kunye neshawa.
(4) Igumbi lokuhlambela kufuneka libe neendawo zokuhlamba izandla nokomisa.
(5) Igumbi leshawa yomoya kufuneka libe semnyango wabasebenzi kwindawo ecocekileyo kwaye likufutshane negumbi lokutshintshela impahla yokusebenza ecocekileyo. Igumbi leshawa yomoya yomntu omnye limiselwe abantu abangama-30 kwinani eliphezulu leeshifti. Xa kukho abasebenzi abangaphezu kwaba-5 kwindawo ecocekileyo, kufuneka kufakwe ucango oludlulayo kwelinye icala legumbi leshawa yomoya.
(6) Amagumbi okucoca amanzi ahamba ngokuthe nkqo angqongqo kune-ISO 5 kufuneka abe nezivalo zomoya.
(7) Izindlu zangasese azivumelekanga kwiindawo ezicocekileyo. Indlu yangasese engaphakathi kwigumbi lokucoca abasebenzi kufuneka ibe negumbi elingaphambili.
4. Indlela yokuhamba kwabahambi ngeenyawo kufuneka ihambelane nale migaqo ilandelayo:
(1) Indlela yokuhamba kwabahambi ngeenyawo kufuneka iphephe ukungqubana kweendlela.
(2) Uyilo lwamagumbi okucoca abasebenzi kunye namagumbi okuhlala kufuneka luhambelane neenkqubo zokucoca abasebenzi.
5. Ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokucoceka komoya kunye nenani labasebenzi, indawo yokwakha igumbi lokucocwa kwabasebenzi kunye negumbi lokuhlala kwindawo yokusebenzela ecocekileyo kufuneka imiselwe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye kufuneka ibalwe ngokusekelwe kwinani eliqhelekileyo labantu abakwisakhiwo sendawo ecocekileyo, ukusuka kwi-2 square metres ukuya kwi-4 square metres ngomntu ngamnye.
6. Iimfuneko zokucoca umoya kwiindawo zokutshintshela iimpahla zomsebenzi ezicocekileyo kunye neendawo zokuhlamba kufuneka zimiselwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zenkqubo yemveliso kunye nenqanaba lokucoca umoya kwiindawo ezicocekileyo ezikufutshane.
7. Izixhobo zegumbi ezicocekileyo kunye neendawo zokungena kunye nezokuphuma kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngamagumbi okucoca izixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezisekelwe kwiimpawu, iimilo, kunye nezinye iimpawu zezixhobo kunye nezixhobo. Uyilo lwegumbi lokucoca izixhobo kufuneka luthintele ungcoliseko lwezinto ezicociweyo ngexesha lokudluliselwa.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-17-2023