1: Ukulungiselela ukwakhiwa
1) Ukuqinisekiswa kwemeko yendawo
① Qinisekisa ukuchithwa, ukugcinwa kunye nokumakishwa kwezibonelelo zokuqala;xoxa ngendlela yokuphatha kunye nokuthutha izinto ezichithwayo.
② Qinisekisa izinto ezitshintshiweyo, zachithwa, kwaye zigcinwe kwimibhobho yokuqala yomoya kunye nemibhobho eyahlukeneyo, kwaye uziphawule;misela isalathiso semibhobho yomoya kunye nemibhobho eyahlukeneyo, kwaye uqaqambise ukusebenza kwezixhobo zenkqubo, njl.
③ Qinisekisa uphahla kunye neendawo zomgangatho wezibonelelo eziza kulungiswa kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu eziya kongezwa, kwaye uqinisekise umthamo ofanelekileyo wokuthwala, impembelelo kwimeko engqongileyo, njl. njl.
2) Ukuhlolwa kwemeko yeprojekthi yokuqala
① Jonga iinqwelomoya eziphambili kunye nemilinganiselo yendawo yeprojekthi ekhoyo, sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukwenza imilinganiselo eyimfuneko, kwaye uthelekise kwaye uqinisekise ngedatha egqityiweyo.
② Qikelela umthwalo womsebenzi wezibonelelo kunye nemibhobho eyahlukeneyo efuna ukuchithwa, kubandakanywa imilinganiselo kunye nomsebenzi ofunekayo wokuthutha kunye nonyango.
③ Qinisekisa unikezelo lombane kunye nezinye iimeko ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, kunye nobubanzi bokudilizwa kwenkqubo yamandla yokuqala, kwaye uziphawule.
④Ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokwakha ngokutsha kunye nemilinganiselo yolawulo lokhuseleko.
3) Ukulungiselela ukuqala umsebenzi
① Ngokwesiqhelo ixesha lokuhlaziya lifutshane, ngoko ke izixhobo kunye nemathiriyeli kufuneka zi-odolwe kwangethuba ukuze kuqinisekiswe ulwakhiwo olungenamagingxigingxi xa kuqalwa ukwakhiwa.
②Zoba isiseko, kuquka imigca esisiseko yeepaneli zodonga zamagumbi acocekileyo, iisilingi, imibhobho yomoya ephambili kunye nemibhobho ebalulekileyo.
③ Ukumisela iindawo zokugcina izixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo eziyimfuneko zokusetyenzwa kwesiza.
④ Lungisa unikezelo lwamandla okwexeshana, umthombo wamanzi kunye negesi ukuze kwakhiwe.
⑤ Lungiselela izibonelelo eziyimfuneko zokulwa nomlilo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko kwindawo yokwakha, ukuqhuba imfundo yokhuseleko kubasebenzi bokwakha, kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko emva, njl.
⑥ Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wokwakhiwa kwegumbi elicocekileyo, abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka bafundiswe ulwazi lobugcisa begumbi elicocekileyo, iimfuno ezinxulumene nokhuseleko kunye neemfuno ezithile ezisekelwe kwiimeko ezithile zokulungiswa kwegumbi elicocekileyo, kwaye babeke phambili iimfuno eziyimfuneko kunye nemimiselo yempahla, ukufakwa koomatshini, izinto zokucoca kunye nezixhobo zokhuseleko olungxamisekileyo.
2: Inqanaba lokwakha
1) Iprojekthi yokudiliza
① Zama ukungasebenzisi imisebenzi "yomlilo", ngakumbi xa kuncothulwa imibhobho enokutsha, eqhumayo, eyonakalisayo, kunye nemibhobho yokuhanjiswa kwezinto ezinetyhefu kunye nemibhobho yokukhupha.Ukuba imisebenzi "yomlilo" kufuneka isetyenziswe, qinisekisa emva kweyure e-1 kuphela xa kungekho ngxaki unokuwuvula kakhulu umcimbi.
② Ngomsebenzi wokudiliza onokuthi uvelise ukungcangcazela, ingxolo, njl., ulungelelwaniso kunye namaqela afanelekileyo kufuneka lwenziwe kwangaphambili ukumisela ixesha lokwakha.
③ Xa ichithwa ngokuyinxenye kwaye iindawo eziseleyo zingaqhathwanga okanye zisafuna ukusetyenziswa, ukuqhawulwa kwenkqubo kunye nomsebenzi oyimfuneko wovavanyo (ukuhamba, uxinzelelo, njl. njl.) umntu osebenza ngombane kufuneka abe kwindawo yokujongana nemiba efanelekileyo, ukhuseleko kunye nemicimbi yokusebenza.
2) Ukwakhiwa kombhobho womoya
① Ukwenza ulwakhiwo kwisiza ngokungqongqo ngokwemigaqo efanelekileyo, kwaye uyile ulwakhiwo kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko esekelwe kwiimeko zokwenyani zesiza solungiso.
② Ukuhlola ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ulondoloze imibhobho yomoya ukuba ifakwe kwindawo ehambayo, gcina ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwemibhobho ecocekileyo, kwaye utywine iziphelo zombini ngeefilimu zeplastiki.
③ Ukungcangcazela kuyakwenzeka xa kufakwa iibholithi zentente ezikroliweyo zokunyuswa, ngoko kufuneka unxibelelane nomnini kunye nabanye abasebenzi abafanelekileyo kwangaphambili;susa ifilimu yokutywina ngaphambi kokuba uphakamise umbhobho womoya, kwaye usule ngaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba uphakamise.Musa ukukhathazeka malunga neendawo ezonakaliswe ngokulula zezibonelelo zokuqala ( Njengemibhobho yeplastiki, i-insulation layers, njl. njl.) azikho phantsi koxinzelelo, kwaye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okukhusela ayimfuneko.
3) Imibhobho kunye nokwakhiwa kweengcingo
① Umsebenzi we-welding ofunekayo kwimibhobho kunye neengcingo kufuneka uxhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokucima umlilo, iibhodi ze-asbestos, njl.
② Yenza ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nemigaqo efanelekileyo yolwamkelo lolwakhiwo lwemibhobho kunye neengcingo.Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic aluvumelekanga kufuphi nesiza, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomoya lunokusetyenziswa, kodwa amanyathelo okhuseleko ahambelanayo kufuneka athathwe ngokwemigaqo.
③ Xa uqhagamshelwa kwimibhobho yoqobo, amanyathelo obugcisa okhuseleko phambi nangexesha loqhagamshelo kufuneka aqulunqwe kwangaphambili, ingakumbi udibaniso lwerhasi enobungozi kunye nemibhobho engamanzi;ngexesha lokusebenza, abasebenzi bolawulo lokhuseleko kumaqela afanelekileyo kufuneka babe kwisiza kwaye kuyimfuneko Hlala ulungisa izixhobo zokucima umlilo.
④ Kulwakhiwo lwemibhobho ehambisa imidiya yococeko oluphezulu, ngaphezu kokuthobela imimiselo efanelekileyo, ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekucoceni, ukuhlanjululwa kunye nokuvavanya ubunyulu xa udibanisa kwimibhobho yokuqala.
4) Ukwakhiwa kwemibhobho yegesi ekhethekileyo
① Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezithutha izinto eziyityhefu, ezinokutsha, eziqhumayo, kunye nezinto ezidlekayo, ulwakhiwo olukhuselekileyo lubaluleke kakhulu.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, izibonelelo ze "I-Special Gas Pipeline Reconstruction and Expansion Engineering Construction" kumgangatho wesizwe "I-Special Gas System Engineering Standard Standard" ikhankanywe ngezantsi..Le mimiselo kufuneka iphunyezwe ngokungqongqo kungekuphela nje kwimibhobho "yegesi ekhethekileyo", kodwa nakuzo zonke iinkqubo zemibhobho ezithutha izinto eziyityhefu, ezinokutsha kunye nezidlekayo.
②Ulwakhiwo lweprojekthi ekhethekileyo yokuqhawula umbhobho werhasi luyakuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zilandelayo.Iyunithi yokwakha kufuneka ilungiselele isicwangciso sokwakha ngaphambi kokuba iqalise umsebenzi.Umxholo kufuneka ubandakanye iinxalenye eziphambili, izilumkiso ngexesha lokusebenza, ukubeka iliso kwiinkqubo zokusebenza ezinobungozi, izicwangciso zongxamiseko, iinombolo zoqhagamshelwano olungxamisekileyo kunye nabantu abazinikeleyo abaphetheyo.Abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka banikwe iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngobuchule malunga neengozi ezinokubakho.Chaza inyani.
③ Kwimeko yomlilo, ukuvuza kwezinto ezinobungozi, okanye ezinye iingozi ngexesha lokusebenza, kufuneka uthobele umyalelo odibeneyo kwaye uphume ngolandelelwano ngokwendlela yokuphuma..Xa uqhuba imisebenzi yomlilo evulekileyo njenge-welding ngexesha lokwakha, imvume yomlilo kunye nemvume yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela umlilo ezikhutshwe yiyunithi yokwakha kufuneka zifumaneke.
④ Imilinganiselo yokubeka wedwa okwexeshana kunye neempawu zokulumkisa ngengozi kufuneka zamkelwe phakathi kwendawo yemveliso kunye nendawo yokwakha.Abasebenzi bokwakha bathintelwe ngokungqongqo ukuba bangene kwiindawo ezingahambelaniyo nolwakhiwo.Abasebenzi bezobugcisa abavela kumnini kunye neqela lokwakha kufuneka babe khona kwindawo yokwakha.Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kocango lwe-mesh, ukutshintsha kombane, kunye nemisebenzi yokutshintsha igesi kufuneka igqitywe ngabasebenzi abazinikeleyo phantsi kwesikhokelo sobuchwephesha bomnini.Ukusebenza ngaphandle kwemvume akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo.Ngethuba lomsebenzi wokusika kunye nokuguqulwa, umbhobho wonke oza kunqunyulwa kunye nendawo yokusika kufuneka ibhalwe ngokucacileyo kwangaphambili.Umbhobho ophawulweyo kufuneka uqinisekiswe ngumnini kunye nabasebenzi bobugcisa beqela lokwakha kwisiza ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kakubi.
⑤ Ngaphambi kokwakhiwa, iigesi ezikhethekileyo kumbhobho kufuneka zitshintshwe nge-nitrogen ecocekileyo, kwaye inkqubo yepayipi kufuneka ikhutshwe.Igesi etshintshiweyo kufuneka icutshungulwe ngesixhobo sokucoca igesi yokukhupha kwaye ikhutshwe emva kokuhlangabezana nemigangatho.Umbhobho oguqulwayo kufuneka uzaliswe nge-nitrogen ephantsi koxinzelelo ngaphambi kokusika, kwaye umsebenzi kufuneka uqhutywe phantsi koxinzelelo oluhle kumbhobho.
⑥Emva kokuba ulwakhiwo lugqityiwe kwaye novavanyo lufanelekile, umoya okwisixokelelwano sombhobho kufuneka utshintshwe ngenitrogen kwaye umbhobho kufuneka ukhutshwe.
3: Ukuhlolwa kolwakhiwo, ukwamkelwa kunye nokusebenza kwesilingo
① Ukwamkelwa ngokupheleleyo kwegumbi elihlaziyiweyo elicocekileyo.Okokuqala, inxalenye nganye kufuneka ihlolwe kwaye yamkelwe ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neenkcukacha.Into ekufuneka igxininiswe apha kukuhlolwa kunye nokwamkelwa kweendawo ezifanelekileyo zesakhiwo sokuqala kunye nenkqubo.Olunye uhlolo kunye nokwamkelwa lulodwa alukwazi ukubonisa ukuba lunokuhlangabezana neemfuno "zokulungiswa kwakhona".Kufuneka kwakhona ziqinisekiswe ngokusebenza kovavanyo.Ngoko ke, akuyimfuneko kuphela ukugqiba ukwamkelwa kokugqitywa, kodwa kufuna ukuba iyunithi yokwakha isebenze nomnini ukuqhuba uvavanyo.
② Ukusebenza kovavanyo lwegumbi elihlaziyiweyo elicocekileyo.Zonke iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, izibonelelo kunye nezixhobo ezibandakanyekayo kwinguqu kufuneka zivavanywe nganye nganye ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neemfuno zenkcazo kunye nokuhambelana neemeko ezithile zeprojekthi.Izikhokelo zokusebenza kovavanyo kunye neemfuno kufuneka zenziwe.Ngethuba lokusebenza kwesilingo, ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekuhlolweni kwecandelo lokudibanisa kunye nenkqubo yokuqala.Isixokelelwano semibhobho esandula kongezwa akufuneki singcolise inkqubo yokuqala.Ukuhlolwa kunye novavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngaphambi kokudibanisa.Amanyathelo okukhusela ayimfuneko kufuneka athathwe ngexesha lokuxhuma.Uvavanyo emva koqhagamshelo Umsebenzi kufuneka uhlolwe ngononophelo kwaye uvavanywe, kwaye umsebenzi wokulinga unokugqitywa kuphela xa iimfuno zidibene.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-12-2023