Imicimbi ifuna ingqalelo ekuhlaziyeni igumbi lokucoca igumbi

1: Ukulungiswa kokwakha

1) Ukuqinisekiswa kwemeko yendawo

① Qinisekisa ukuchitha, ukugcinwa nokumakishwa kwezixhobo zentsusa; Xoxa ngendlela yokuphatha kunye nokuhambisa izinto eziphosiweyo.

② Qinisekisa izinto ezitshintshiweyo, ezigqwethiweyo, kwaye zigcinwe kwiindawo zomoya zokuqala kunye nemibhobho emininzi, kwaye zigalele; chonga indlela ye-puct yomoya kunye nemibhobho eyahlukeneyo, kwaye igxininise ubuchule bezixhobo zenkqubo, njl.

③ Qinisekisa ukuba uphahla kunye neendawo zomgangatho zezakhiwo eziza kulungiswa kunye nezixhobo ezinkulu ukuba zongezwe, kwaye uqinisekise imeko yokuphatha, ifuthe lendawo ekupholile, i-Gedrators, izixhobo ezinobungozi, njl.

2) Uhlolo lwemeko yeprojekthi yentsusa

① Jonga iindiza eziphambili kunye nobungakanani beprojekthi yeprojekthi ekhoyo, sebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukwenza imilinganiselo efanelekileyo, kwaye uthelekise kwaye uqinisekise ngedatha egqityiweyo.

② Qikelela umthwalo weziko kunye nemibhobho eyahlukeneyo ekufuneka ichithwe, kubandakanya amanyathelo kunye nomthwalo womsebenzi ofunekayo kwizothutho kunye nonyango.

③ Qinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nezinye iimeko ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, kunye nenqanaba lokuchitha inkqubo yamandla entsusa, kwaye ziphawule.

Iinkqubo zokwakha zokulungisa zokunikezela kunye neendlela zolawulo lokhuseleko.

3) Ukulungiselela umsebenzi wokuqala

Ngokwesiqhelo ixesha lokuhlaziya lifutshane, ke izixhobo kunye nezixhobo kunye nezixhobo kufuneka zi-odolwe kwangaphambili ukuqinisekisa ukwakhiwa okubonakalayo kube kanye.

②draw Isiseko, kubandakanya imigca yesiseko seephaneli zodonga zegumbi ezicocekileyo, ukuqina, iipali eziphambili zomoya kunye nemibhobho ebalulekileyo.

③ Cacisa iindawo zokugcina izinto zokugcina izinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokulungisa indawo.

④ Lungiselela ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okwethutyana, umthombo wamanzi kunye nomthombo wegesi wokwakha.

⑤ Lungiselela amaziko afanelekileyo omlilo kunye nezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko kwindawo yokwakha, ukuqhuba imfundo yokhuseleko kubasebenzi bokwakha, kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko, njl.

I-odolo yokuqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wokwakha igumbi ecocekileyo, abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka bafundiswe ulwazi lobuchwephesha bobuchwephesha, iimfuno ezinxulumene nokhuseleko kunye neemfuno ezithile ezihlaziyiweyo zegumbi kunye nemigaqo efanelekileyo yempahla yokunxiba, Ukufakwa koomatshini, ukucoca izinto kunye nezinto zokhuseleko ezingxamisekileyo.

I-2: Inqanaba lokwakha

1) Iprojekthi yokudiliza

① Zama ukungasebenzisi imisebenzi "yomlilo", ngakumbi xa ichithakaza ivuza, iqhuma, imibhobho yexabiso elinetyhefu kunye nemibhobho yokuhanjiswa kwezinto. Ukuba "imivuzo" yomlilo kufuneka isetyenzisiwe, qinisekisa emva kweyure enye kuphela xa kungekho ngxaki unokuvula indawo.

Umsebenzi wokudiliza onokuthi uvelise ingxolo, ingxolo, njl njl., Ulungelelwaniso namaqela achaphazelekayo kufuneka lwenziwe kwangaphambili ukumisela ixesha lokwakha.

Xa ikhutshiwe ngokuyintloko kwaye amalungu ashiyekileyo akazange asetyenziswe okanye afunelwe ukuhanjiswa, umsebenzi wokuvavanya ofanelekileyo (ukuhamba, uxinizelelo, njl njl) Kumele ukuba yindawo yombane ukuze ikwazi ukujongana nemicimbi efanelekileyo, ukhuseleko kunye nemicimbi yokusebenza.

2) Ukwakhiwa komoya

① Yenza ulwakhiwo kwisayithi ngokuhambelana nemigaqo efanelekileyo, kwaye wenze imigaqo-nkqubo yokwakha kunye nezokhuseleko ngokusekwe kwezona meko zendawo yokusebenza.

② Vavanya ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ugcine i-ducts zomoya ukuba ifakwe kwindawo eshukumayo, gcina ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-ducts icocekile, kwaye itywina zombini iziphelo ngeefilimu zeplastiki.

I-vibration iya kwenzeka xa ufaka iibhloko zentente eziqingqiweyo zokuziphakamisa, ukuze uqiniseke nomnini kunye nabanye abasebenzi abachaphazeleka kwangaphambili; Susa ifilimu yokutywina ngaphambi kokuphakamisa i-duct yomoya, kwaye usule ngaphakathi ngaphambi kokuthetha. Sukuba nexhala malunga neendawo ezonakaliswe ngokulula amaziko oqobo (anjengemibhobho yeplastiki, imibhobho yeplastiki, imibhobho ye-insen) ayixhomekeki kwingcinezelo, kwaye amanyathelo afanelekileyo afanele ukuthathwa.

I-3) Ukuqulunqwa kokuQala

Umsebenzi we-welding ofunekayo ukuze uqiniseke kwaye i-wiring kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokucima umlilo, iibhodi ze-Asbestos, njl.

② Yenza ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana neenkcazo zokwakha ezifanelekileyo zokwamkelwa kunye ne-wiring. Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-hydraulic aluvunyelwanga kufutshane nendawo, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomoya lunokusetyenziswa, kodwa amanyathelo okhuseleko athatyathwa ngokwemigaqo.

③ Xa uqhagamshela kwimibhobho yoqobo, amanyathelo ezobuchwephesha kwezobuchwephesha ngaphambi kwaye ngexesha lonxibelelwano kufuneka alwe kwangaphambili, ngakumbi unxibelelwano lwegesi evuthayo neyobisi; Ngexesha lokusebenza, abasebenzi abalawulayo bezokhuseleko abavela kumaqela achaphazelekayo kufuneka babe kwisiza kwaye kufuneka bahlale belungiselela izixhobo zokucima umlilo.

Ukuqulunqwa kwemibhobho yokuhambisa imithombo yeendaba ecocekileyo, ukongeza ekuthobeleni imimiselo efanelekileyo, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekucoceni, ukucoca kunye nokuvavanywa kweenjongo xa uqhagamshela kwimibhobho yoqobo.

4) Ukwakhiwa kwegesi ekhethekileyo yegesi

① Ngeenkqubo zemibhobho ethutha ityhefu, enokufuduka, iqhuma, kunye nezinto ezixhaphakileyo, ulwakhiwo oluthengisiweyo lubaluleke kakhulu. Ngesi sizathu, izibonelelo ze "piholi ye-piholieli ekhethekileyo kunye nokwanda ukwakhiwa kobugcisa" kumgangatho wobugcisa wegesi wesizwe "ocatshulwe apha ngezantsi. . Le migaqo kufuneka igqitywe ngokungqongqo kuphela kwi-Pipelines "yerhasi ekhethekileyo, kodwa nayo yonke iinkqubo zemibhobho ihambisa izinto eziyitywina, ezinokutsha, kunye nezinto ezinokutsha, kunye nezonakalisa.

Ulwakhiwo lweprojekthi ye-pipelip yegesi ekhethekileyo iya kuhlangabezana nezi mfuno zilandelayo. Icandelo lokwakha kufuneka lilungiselele isicwangciso sokwakha ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi. Umxholo kufuneka ubandakanye iinxalenye eziphambili, amanyathelo okhuseleko ngexesha lokusebenza, ukubeka iliso kwiinkqubo zokusebenza eziyingozi, iiplani zongxamiseko, iinombolo zonxibelelwano ezingxamisekileyo kunye nabantu abazinikeleyo abaphetheyo. Abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka banikezwe ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha lobuchwephesha malunga neengozi ezinokubakho. Chaza inyani.

Kwimeko yomlilo, ukuvuza kwezinto eziyingozi, okanye ezinye iingozi ngexesha lokusebenza, kuya kufuneka uthobele umyalelo omanyano, uphume ngokulandelelana kwendlela yokubaleka. . Xa usenza imisebenzi evulekileyo yedangatye efana ne-welding ngexesha lolwakhiwo, imvume yomlilo kunye nemvume yokusetyenziswa kwamaziko okhuseleko emlilo ekhutshwe yiCandelo loKhuselo.

④ Amanyathelo okukodwa okwenziwa yedwa kunye neempawu zesilumkiso ezinobungozi kufuneka amkelwe phakathi kwendawo yemveliso kunye nendawo yokwakha. Abasebenzi bokwakha banqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukusuka kwiindawo ezingahambelani nolwakhiwo. Abasebenzi bezobuchwephesha abavela kumniniyo kunye nepatheni yokwakha kufuneka ibekhona kwindawo yokwakha. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa komnyango we-mesh, ukutshintshela kombane, kunye nemisebenzi yokutshintshwa kwegesi kufuneka kugqitywe ngabasebenzi abazinikeleyo phantsi kwesikhokelo sobuchwephesha bomnini. Imisebenzi ngaphandle kwemvume ayivumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Ngexesha lokusika kunye nomsebenzi wenguqu, yonke imibhobho yonke inqunyulwe kwaye inqaku lokusika kufuneka libhalwe ngokucacileyo kwangaphambili. Umbhobho ophawulweyo kufuneka uqinisekiswe ngumnini kunye nabasebenzi bobuchwephesha boKwakha abakwisiza ukubuyisela ukungabi naziphoso.

Phambi kokwakha, iigesi ezikhethekileyo kwipayipile kufuneka zitshintshwe nge-nitrogen ephezulu, kwaye inkqubo yombhobho kufuneka ikhutshwe. Irhasi ethathiweyo kufuneka icofelwe sisixhobo sokunyanga igesi kwaye ikhutshiwe emva kokudibana nemigangatho. Umbhobho oguqulweyo kufuneka ugcwaliswe yi-nitrogen ephantsi initrogen ngaphambi kokusika, kwaye utyando kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi koxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kumbhobho.

Ulwakhiwo lugqityiwe kwaye uvavanyo lufanelekile, umoya kwi-piholiline yenkqubo kufuneka itshintshwe nge-nitrogen kunye nombhobho kufuneka ikhutshwe.

I-3: Uvavanyo lokwakha, ukwamkelwa kunye nokuvavanywa kwelingo

Ukwamkelwa kokufezekiswa kwegumbi elicocekileyo elihlaziyiweyo. Okokuqala, icandelo ngalinye kufuneka lihlolwe kwaye lamkelwe ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neenkcazo. Yintoni ekufuneka igxininiswe apha kukuhlolwa kunye nokwamkelwa kweenxalenye ezifanelekileyo zesakhiwo kunye nenkqubo. Uvavanyo oluthile kunye nokwamkelwa kodwa akunakungqina ukuba banokudibana "neenjongo zokuhlala". Kufuneka baqinisekiswe ngokusebenza ngokuvavanywa. Ke ngoko, ayimfuneko kuphela ukugqibezela ukwamkelwa, kodwa ikwafuna ukuba iyunithi yokwakha isebenze kunye nomniniyo ukuba aqhube.

Umsebenzi wokuvavanywa kwegumbi elicocekileyo elicociweyo. Zonke iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, amaziko kunye nezixhobo ezichaphazelekayo kwinguqu kufuneka zivavanywe nganye ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neemfuno eziqinisekisiweyo kunye neemeko ezithile zeprojekthi. Izikhokelo zomsebenzi zokusebenza kunye neemfuno kufuneka zenziwe. Ngexesha lokusebenza kovavanyo, ingqalelo eyodwa kufuneka ihlawulwe ekuhlolweni konxibelelwano nenkqubo yoqobo. Inkqubo esandula ukongezwa i-piholine akufuneki ingcolise inkqubo yentsusa. Uvavanyo kunye novavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba uqhagamshelo. Amanyathelo afanelekileyo okhuselo kufuneka athathwe ngexesha lonxibelelwano. Uvavanyo emva konxibelelwano kufuneka luhlolwe ngononophelo kwaye luvavanywe, kwaye ukusebenza kovavanyo kunokugqitywa kuphela xa iimfuno ziyafezekiswa.