Umda wokuchongwa: uvavanyo lokucoceka kwegumbi elicocekileyo, uvavanyo lokwamkelwa kobunjineli, kubandakanya ukutya, iimveliso zokhathalelo lwempilo, izinto zokuthambisa, amanzi asebhotileni, indawo yokusebenzela yokuvelisa ubisi, iworkshop yokuvelisa imveliso ye-elektroniki, igumbi lokusebenza esibhedlele, ilabhoratri yezilwanyana, ilabhoratri yokhuseleko lwebhayoloji, ikhabhathi yokhuseleko lwebhayoloji, i-ultra- ibhentshi yokusebenza ecocekileyo, iworkshop engenathuli, iworkshop engenazintsholongwane, njl.
Izinto zokuvavanya: isantya somoya kunye nomthamo womoya, inani lokutshintsha komoya, ubushushu kunye nomswakama, umahluko woxinzelelo, amasuntswana amisiweyo, iibhaktheriya zeplanktonic, iibhaktheriya ze-sedimentation, ingxolo, ukukhanya, njl.
1. Isantya somoya, umthamo womoya kunye nenani lotshintsho lomoya
Ukucoceka kwamagumbi ahlambulukileyo kunye neendawo ezicocekileyo zifezwa ngokuyininzi ngokuthumela umlinganiselo owaneleyo womoya ococekileyo ukuze uchithe kwaye uhlambulule izinto ezingcolileyo eziveliswa kwigumbi.Ngesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulinganisa umthamo wokubonelela komoya, isantya somoya esiphakathi, ukufana kokunikezelwa komoya, indlela yokuhamba komoya kunye nepateni yokuhamba kwamagumbi acocekileyo okanye amaziko acocekileyo.
I-unidirectional flow flowing ikakhulu ixhomekeke ekuhambeni komoya ococekileyo ukutyhala kunye nokususa umoya ongcolileyo kwigumbi kunye nommandla wokugcina ukucoceka kwegumbi kunye nommandla.Ngoko ke, isantya somoya kunye nokufana kwecandelo lonikezelo lomoya yimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukucoceka.Isantya somoya esiphakamileyo, esilinganayo esinqamlezileyo sinokususa ungcoliseko oluveliswa ziinkqubo zangaphakathi ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo, ke zezona zinto ziphambili zovavanyo ekufuneka kugxilwe kuzo.
I-non-unidirectional flow flowing ikakhulu ixhomekeke kumoya ococekileyo ongenayo ukuze uhlambulule kwaye uhlambulule ukungcola kwigumbi kunye nommandla ukuze kugcinwe ukucoceka kwayo.Ngoko ke, inani elikhulu leenguqu zomoya, ngakumbi ingqiqo ipateni yokuhamba komoya, ibaluleke ngakumbi isiphumo sokuhlanjululwa, kunye nokucoceka kuya kuphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo.Ngoko ke, amagumbi ahlambulukileyo angena-isigaba esisodwa, umthamo wokuhambisa umoya ococekileyo kunye neenguqu zomoya ezihambelanayo zizinto eziphambili zokuvavanya ukuhamba komoya ukugxila.Ukufumana ufundo oluphinda-phindayo, bhala umndilili wexesha lesantya somoya kwindawo nganye yokulinganisa.Inani leenguqu zomoya: Kubalwa ngokwahlula umthamo womoya opheleleyo wegumbi elicocekileyo ngomthamo wegumbi elicocekileyo
2. Ubushushu kunye nokufuma
Umlinganiselo wobushushu kunye nokufuma kumagumbi acocekileyo okanye iindawo ezicocekileyo zidla ngokwahlulwa zibe ngamanqanaba amabini: uvavanyo ngokubanzi kunye novavanyo olubanzi.Inqanaba lokuqala lilungele ukugqitywa kovavanyo lokuvunywa kwimeko engenanto, kwaye inqanaba lesibini lifanelekile kuvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-static okanye oluguquguqukayo.Olu hlobo lovavanyo lufanelekile kwizihlandlo ezineemfuno ezingqongqo kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nokusebenza komswakama.Olu vavanyo lwenziwa emva kokuvavanywa kokufana komoya kwaye emva kokuba inkqubo yomoya yomoya ihlengahlengiswe.Ngexesha lolu vavanyo, inkqubo yokupholisa umoya yayisebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye iimeko zazizinzile.Cwangcisa ubuncinci inzwa yokufuma kwindawo nganye yolawulo lokufuma, kwaye unike isivamvo ixesha elaneleyo lokuzinzisa.Umlinganiselo kufuneka ulungele injongo yokusetyenziswa kwangempela, kwaye ukulinganisa kufuneka kuqalwe emva kokuba inzwa izinzile, kwaye ixesha lokulinganisa akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-5.
3. Umahluko woxinzelelo
Injongo yolu vavanyo kukuqinisekisa ukukwazi ukugcina uxinzelelo oluchaziweyo olwahlukileyo phakathi kwendawo egqityiweyo kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunye naphakathi kwezithuba ngaphakathi kwendawo.Olu phawu lusebenza kuzo zo-3 iindawo zokuhlala.Olu vavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo.Uvavanyo lokwahlukana koxinzelelo kufuneka luqhutywe kunye nazo zonke iingcango ezivaliweyo, ukusuka kuxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukusuka kwigumbi langaphakathi elikude kakhulu ukusuka ngaphandle ngokubhekiselele kwiplani yeplani, kunye nokuvavanya ngaphandle ngokulandelelana;amagumbi acocekileyo akufutshane amanqanaba ahlukeneyo anemingxuma edibeneyo (indawo), kufuneka kubekho ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo lokuhamba komoya ekuvuleni, njl.
4. Amasuntswana amisiweyo
Indlela yoxinaniso yokubala isetyenziswa, oko kukuthi, inani lamasuntswana anqunyanyisiweyo amakhulu kune okanye alingana nobukhulu besuntswana elithile kumthamo weyunithi yomoya kwindawo ecocekileyo lilinganiswa ngekhawunta yesuntswana lothuli ukuvavanya inqanaba lococeko lwamasuntswana amisiweyo igumbi elicocekileyo.Emva kokuba isixhobo sivuliwe kwaye sifudunyezwe ukuya kuzinzo, isixhobo sinokulinganiswa ngokwemiyalelo yokusetyenziswa.Xa ityhubhu yesampulu isetiwe kwindawo yokufumana isampulu, ufundo oluqhubekayo lunokuqaliswa kuphela emva kokuba ubalo luqinisekisiwe ukuba luzinzile.Umbhobho wesampulu kufuneka ucoceke kwaye ukuvuza kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo.Ubude betyhubhu yesampula kufuneka busekelwe kubude obuvumelekileyo besixhobo.Ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela, ubude abuyi kudlula kwi-1.5 m.I-port yesampula ye-counter kunye nendawo yokusebenza yesixhobo kufuneka ibe kuxinzelelo lomoya olufanayo kunye nobushushu ukuphepha iimpazamo zokulinganisa.Isixhobo kufuneka silinganiswe rhoqo ngokomjikelo wokulungelelaniswa kwesixhobo.
5. Iibhaktheriya zePlanktonic
Inani elincinci lamanqaku esampula lihambelana nenani lamanqaku anqunyanyisiweyo esampula.Indawo yokulinganisa kwindawo yokusebenza imalunga ne-0.8-1.2m ngaphezu komhlaba.Indawo yokulinganisa kwindawo yokukhupha umoya imalunga ne-30cm ukusuka kumphezulu wonikezelo lomoya.Amanqaku okulinganisa anokongezwa kwizixhobo eziphambili okanye kwiindawo eziphambili zomsebenzi.Nganye Indawo yesampulu idla ngokuthathwa kube kanye.Emva kokuba zonke iisampulu zigqityiwe, beka izitya zepetri kwi-incubator yobushushu obungatshintshiyo kungekho ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-48.Ibhetshi nganye yamajelo eendaba enkcubeko kufuneka ibe novavanyo lolawulo ukujonga ukuba ngaba indlela yenkcubeko yosulelekileyo.
6. Indawo yokulinganisa yebhaktiriya yentlenga esebenzayo imalunga ne-0.8-1.2m ngaphezu komhlaba.Beka isitya se-petri esilungisiweyo kwindawo yesampuli, vula isiciko se-petri dish, usiveze ixesha elichaziweyo, emva koko ugubungele isitya se-petri, kwaye ubeke isitya senkcubeko. iiyure ezingama-48.Ibhetshi nganye yolwimi lwenkcubeko kufuneka ibe novavanyo lolawulo ukujonga ukuba ngaba isisidi senkcubeko sichaphazelekile.
7. Ingxolo
Ubude bomlinganiselo bumalunga ne-1.2 yeemitha ukusuka emhlabeni.Ukuba indawo yegumbi elicocekileyo lingaphantsi kweemitha ezili-square ezili-15, inqaku elinye kuphela phakathi kwegumbi linokulinganisa;amanqaku ovavanyo ajonge ezikoneni.
8. Ukukhanyisa
Indawo yokulinganisa indiza imalunga neemitha ezi-0.8 ukusuka emhlabeni, kwaye amanqaku ahlelwe kumgama weemitha ezi-2.Amanqaku okulinganisa kumagumbi ngaphakathi kweemitha ze-square ze-30 yi-0.5 yeemitha ukusuka kwiindonga zecala, kunye neendawo zokulinganisa kumagumbi angaphezu kwama-30 square metres yimitha eyi-1 ukusuka eludongeni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-07-2023