Ububanzi bokuchongwa: uvavanyo lokucoceka kwegumbi elicocekileyo, uvavanyo lokwamkelwa kobunjineli, kubandakanya ukutya, iimveliso zokhathalelo lwempilo, izinto zokuthambisa, amanzi asebhotileni, iworkshop yokuvelisa ubisi, iworkshop yokuvelisa imveliso ye-elektroniki, igumbi lokutyalela esibhedlele, ilabhoratri yezilwanyana, ilabhoratri yokhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo, ikhabhinethi yokhuseleko lwezinto eziphilayo, ibhentshi yokusebenza ecocekileyo kakhulu, iworkshop engenathuli, iworkshop engenazintsholongwane, njl.
Izinto zovavanyo: isantya somoya kunye nomthamo womoya, inani lotshintsho lomoya, ubushushu kunye nokufuma, umahluko kuxinzelelo, amasuntswana axhonyiweyo, iintsholongwane zeplanktonic, iintsholongwane zesedimentation, ingxolo, ukukhanya, njl.
1. Isantya somoya, umthamo womoya kunye nenani lotshintsho lomoya
Ukucoceka kwamagumbi acocekileyo kunye neendawo ezicocekileyo kufezekiswa ngokuthumela umoya ococekileyo owaneleyo ukususa nokunciphisa iinxalenye ezingcolisayo eziveliswa kwigumbi. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukulinganisa umthamo womoya, isantya somoya esiphakathi, ukufana komoya, indlela ohamba ngayo umoya kunye nepatheni yokuhamba kwamagumbi acocekileyo okanye izixhobo ezicocekileyo.
Ukuhamba komoya ngaxeshanye kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekuhambeni komoya ococekileyo ukuze kutyhalwe kwaye kususwe umoya ongcolisiweyo kwigumbi nakwindawo ukuze kugcinwe ucoceko lwegumbi nendawo. Ke ngoko, isantya somoya kunye nokufana kwecandelo lokubonelela ngomoya yimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo echaphazela ucoceko. Isantya somoya esiphezulu nesifanayo esinqumlayo sinokususa ukungcola okuveliswa ziinkqubo zangaphakathi ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo, ngoko ke zezona zinto ziphambili zovavanyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
Ukuhamba komoya okungakhethi cala kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumoya ococekileyo ongenayo ukuze kuncitshiswe kwaye kuncitshiswe ukungcola kwigumbi nakwindawo ukuze kugcinwe ucoceko. Ke ngoko, okukhona inani lotshintsho lomoya liphezulu, kokukhona indlela yomoya ifanelekile, kokukhona isiphumo sokucoca sibaluleke ngakumbi, kwaye ucoceko luya kuphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ke ngoko, amagumbi acocekileyo okuhamba komoya angenasigaba esinye, umthamo womoya ococekileyo kunye notshintsho lomoya oluhambelanayo zezona zinto ziphambili zovavanyo lokuhamba komoya ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ukuze ufumane ukufundwa okuphindaphindwayo, bhala umyinge wexesha lesantya somoya kwindawo nganye yokulinganisa. Inani lotshintsho lomoya: Libalwa ngokwahlula umthamo womoya opheleleyo wegumbi elicocekileyo ngomthamo wegumbi elicocekileyo.
2. Ubushushu kunye nokufuma
Ukulinganiswa kobushushu kunye nokufuma kumagumbi acocekileyo okanye kwizibonelelo ezicocekileyo kudla ngokwahlulwahlulwa ngamanqanaba amabini: uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo kunye novavanyo olupheleleyo. Inqanaba lokuqala lifanelekile kuvavanyo lokwamkelwa ngokupheleleyo kwimeko engenanto, kwaye inqanaba lesibini lifanelekile kuvavanyo lokusebenza olupheleleyo oluzinzileyo okanye oluguquguqukayo. Olu hlobo lovavanyo lufanelekile kwiimeko ezineemfuno ezingqongqo ekusebenzeni kobushushu kunye nokufuma. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa emva kovavanyo lokufana komoya kunye nasemva kokuba inkqubo yomoya ilungisiwe. Ngexesha lovavanyo, inkqubo yomoya yayisebenza ngokupheleleyo kwaye iimeko zazizinzile. Beka ubuncinane isenzi esinye somswakama kwindawo nganye yokulawula ukufuma, kwaye unike isenzi ixesha elaneleyo lokuzinzisa. Umlinganiselo kufuneka ulungele injongo yokusetyenziswa ngokwenene, kwaye umlinganiselo kufuneka uqaliswe emva kokuba isenzi izinzile, kwaye ixesha lokulinganisa akufuneki libe ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-5.
3. Umahluko woxinzelelo
Injongo yolu vavanyo kukuqinisekisa amandla okugcina uxinzelelo oluchaziweyo phakathi kwesakhiwo esigqityiweyo kunye nendawo engqongileyo, kunye naphakathi kweendawo ezingaphakathi kweso sakhiwo. Olu vavanyo lusebenza kuzo zonke iindawo ezintathu zokuhlala. Olu vavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe rhoqo. Uvavanyo lomahluko woxinzelelo kufuneka lwenziwe zonke iingcango zivaliwe, ukusuka kuxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphantsi, ukuqala kwigumbi elingaphakathi elikude kakhulu ngaphandle ngokwendlela yoyilo lwesicwangciso, kunye nokuvavanya ngaphandle ngokulandelelana; amagumbi acocekileyo akufutshane amanqanaba ahlukeneyo anemingxuma edibeneyo (indawo), kufuneka kubekho ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo lokuhamba komoya kwindawo yokuvula, njl.
4. Amasuntswana axhonyiweyo
Indlela yokubala yoxinaniso isetyenziswa, oko kukuthi, inani lamasuntswana axhonyiweyo angaphezulu okanye alingana nobukhulu obuthile besuntswana kwiyunithi yomthamo womoya kwindawo ecocekileyo ilinganiswa yikhawuntara yamasuntswana othuli ukuvavanya inqanaba lokucoceka kwamasuntswana axhonyiweyo kwigumbi elicocekileyo. Emva kokuba isixhobo sivuliwe kwaye sifudunyezwe ukuze siqine, isixhobo sinokulinganiswa ngokwemiyalelo yokusetyenziswa. Xa ityhubhu yokuthatha isampuli ibekwe kwindawo yokuthatha isampuli, ukufundwa okuqhubekayo kunokuqaliswa kuphela emva kokuba ukubalwa kuqinisekisiwe ukuba kuzinzile. Ityhubhu yokuthatha isampuli kufuneka icoceke kwaye ukuvuza akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Ubude betyhubhu yokuthatha isampuli kufuneka busekelwe kubude obuvumelekileyo besixhobo. Ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela, ubude abuyi kudlula kwi-1.5 m. Isango lokuthatha isampuli lekhawuntara kunye nendawo yokusebenza yesixhobo kufuneka zibe kuxinzelelo lomoya olufanayo kunye nobushushu ukuze kuthintelwe iimpazamo zokulinganisa. Isixhobo kufuneka silinganiswe rhoqo ngokwemijikelo yokulinganisa yesixhobo.
5. Iibhaktheriya zePlanktonic
Inani elincinci leendawo zokuthatha iisampulu lihambelana nenani leendawo zokuthatha iisampulu zeentwana ezixhonyiweyo. Indawo yokulinganisa kwindawo yokusebenza imalunga ne-0.8-1.2m ngaphezu komhlaba. Indawo yokulinganisa kwindawo yokukhupha umoya imalunga ne-30cm ukusuka kumphezulu wokuhambisa umoya. Iindawo zokulinganisa zingongezwa kwizixhobo ezibalulekileyo okanye kwiindawo zomsebenzi ezibalulekileyo. Indawo nganye yokuthatha iisampulu idla ngokuthathwa iisampulu kube kanye. Emva kokuba zonke iisampulu zigqityiwe, beka izitya zepetri kwi-incubator yobushushu obungaguqukiyo ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-48. Iqela ngalinye le-culture media kufuneka libe novavanyo lokulawula ukujonga ukuba i-culture medium ingcolisiwe na.
6. Indawo yokulinganisa indawo yokusebenza kweebhaktheriya ze-sedimentation imalunga ne-0.8-1.2m ngaphezu komhlaba. Beka isitya se-petri esilungisiweyo kwindawo yokuthatha isampuli, vula isiciko sesitya se-petri, usibeke kwindawo echaziweyo, uze usigqume isitya se-petri, uze ubeke isitya se-culture. Izitya kufuneka zikhuliswe kwi-incubator yobushushu obungaguqukiyo ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-48. Ibhetshi nganye yesixhobo se-culture kufuneka ibe novavanyo lokulawula ukujonga ukuba isixhobo se-culture singcolisiwe na.
7. Ingxolo
Ukuphakama komlinganiselo kumalunga ne-1.2 yeemitha ukusuka emhlabeni. Ukuba indawo yegumbi elicocekileyo ingaphantsi kweemitha ezili-15 zesikwere, indawo enye kuphela embindini wegumbi inokulinganiswa; iindawo zokuvavanya zijonge kwiikona.
8. Ukukhanya
Indawo yokulinganisa imalunga neemitha eziyi-0.8 ukusuka emhlabeni, kwaye amanqaku abekwe kumgama weemitha ezi-2. Iindawo zokulinganisa kumagumbi angaphakathi kweemitha ezingama-30 zesikwere zikude ngeemitha eziyi-0.5 ukusuka eludongeni olusecaleni, kwaye iindawo zokulinganisa kumagumbi angaphezu kweemitha ezingama-30 zesikwere zikude ngemitha e-1 ukusuka eludongeni.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Sep-07-2023