Ukwakhiwa kwegumbi lokucoca kudla ngokubandakanya ukwakha indawo enkulu ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esiphambili sesakhelo sokwakha. Kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokugqiba ezifanelekileyo, igumbi lokucoca liyahlulwahlulwa kwaye lihonjiswe ngokweemfuno zenkqubo ukwenza igumbi lokucoca elihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa. Ulawulo longcoliseko kwigumbi lokucoca lufuna imizamo edibeneyo yeengcali ezifana neenkqubo zomoya opholileyo kunye ne-automation. Amashishini ahlukeneyo nawo afuna inkxaso ekhethekileyo. Umzekelo, amagumbi okusebenza esibhedlele afuna iinkqubo ezongezelelweyo zokuhambisa igesi yezonyango (njengeoksijini kunye ne-nitrogen); amagumbi okucoca amayeza afuna imibhobho yenkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi angena-ion kunye nomoya ocinezelweyo, kunye neenkqubo zokukhupha amanzi amdaka ukuze kulungiswe amanzi amdaka. Ngokucacileyo, ukwakhiwa kwegumbi lokucoca kufuna uyilo oludibeneyo kunye nokwakhiwa kwezifundo ezahlukeneyo (kubandakanya i-air conditioning, iinkqubo ze-automation, igesi, imibhobho, kunye nokukhupha amanzi).
1. Inkqubo ye-HVAC
Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokusingqongileyo lunokufezekiswa njani? Inkqubo yokucoca umoya, equka izixhobo zokucoca umoya, imibhobho yokucoca, kunye nezixhobo zeevalvu, ilawula iiparameter zangaphakathi ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, ucoceko, isantya somoya, umahluko woxinzelelo, kunye nomgangatho womoya wangaphakathi.
Izixhobo ezisebenzayo zezixhobo zokucoca umoya ziquka iyunithi yokuphatha umoya (AHU), iyunithi yesihluzi sefeni (FFU), kunye nesixhobo sokuphatha umoya omtsha. Iimfuno zezinto zenkqubo ye-Cleanroom duct: Intsimbi egayiweyo (engagqwaliyo), intsimbi engatyiwayo (yezicelo zokucoceka okuphezulu), iindawo zangaphakathi ezigudileyo (ukunciphisa ukumelana nomoya). Izixhobo zesixhobo sevalvu ephambili: Ivalvu yevolumu yomoya ehlala ihleli (i-CAV)/ivalvu yevolumu yomoya eguquguqukayo (i-VAV) - igcina umthamo womoya ozinzileyo; ivalvu yokucima ngombane (ukuvalwa okungxamisekileyo ukuthintela ungcoliseko olunqamlezileyo); ivalvu yokulawula umthamo womoya (ukulinganisela uxinzelelo lomoya kwindawo nganye yokukhupha umoya).
2. Ulawulo Oluzenzekelayo kunye noMbane
Iimfuno Ezikhethekileyo Zokukhanyisa Nokusasazwa Kombane: Izixhobo zokukhanyisa mazingabi nathuli kwaye zingaqhumi (umz., kwiindawo zokusebenzela ze-elektroniki) kwaye kube lula ukuzicoca (umz., kwiindawo zokusebenzela ze-GMP zamayeza). Ukukhanya kufuneka kuhambelane nemigangatho yoshishino (umz., ≥500 lux kushishino lwe-elektroniki). Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo: Izibane zephaneli ze-LED ezisicaba zegumbi lokucoca (ufakelo oluvaliweyo, olunemigca yokuvala engangeni luthuli). Iintlobo zomthwalo wokusasazwa kombane: Nika amandla kubalandeli, iimpompo, izixhobo zenkqubo, njl. Ukuphazamiseka kokuqalisa kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-harmonic (umz., imithwalo ye-inverter) kufuneka kubalwe. Ukuphinda kusebenze: Izixhobo ezibalulekileyo (umz., iiyunithi zomoya opholileyo) kufuneka zinikwe amandla ziisekethe ezimbini okanye zixhotyiswe nge-UPS. Iiswitshi kunye neesokhethi zokufakela isixhobo: Sebenzisa intsimbi engagqwali evaliweyo. Ukuphakama kwendawo yokufakela kunye nendawo kufuneka kuthintele ukuhamba komoya kwiindawo ezifileyo (ukuthintela ukuqokelelana kothuli). Ukusebenzisana kweSignali: Iingcali zombane kufuneka zibonelele ngeesekethe zesignali zamandla kunye nolawulo (umz., unxibelelwano lwe-4-20mA okanye iModbus) kwiisensa zobushushu kunye nokufuma kwenkqubo yomoya, iisensa zoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo, kunye nee-actuators ze-damper. Ulawulo loxinzelelo olwahlukileyo: Lulungisa ukuvulwa komoya omtsha kunye neevalvu zokukhupha umoya ngokusekelwe kwiisensa zoxinzelelo olwahlukileyo. Ukulinganisela iVolume yoMoya: Isiguquli sefrikhwensi silungisa isantya sefeni ukuze sihlangabezane neendawo ezimiselweyo zokubonelela, ukubuyisela, kunye nomthamo womoya wokukhupha umoya.
3. Inkqubo yeMibhobho yeNkqubo
Umsebenzi ophambili wenkqubo yemibhobho: Ukuthutha ngokuchanekileyo imidiya ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno zobumsulwa, uxinzelelo, kunye nokuhamba kwegesi kwigumbi lokucoca (umz., i-nitrogen, i-oxygen) kunye nolwelo (amanzi angena-ion, izinyibilikisi). Ukuthintela ungcoliseko kunye nokuvuza, izinto zemibhobho kunye neendlela zokuvala kufuneka ziphephe ukuchitheka kwamasuntswana, ukubola kweekhemikhali, kunye nokukhula kweentsholongwane.
4. Imihombiso ekhethekileyo kunye nezixhobo
Ukukhetha Izinto: Umgaqo we-"Six Nos" ungqongqo kakhulu. Akukho thuli: Izinto ezikhupha ifayibha (umz., ibhodi yegypsum, ipeyinti yesiqhelo) azivumelekanga. Iiphaneli zentsimbi kunye neentsimbi ezigqunywe ngombala obulala iintsholongwane ziyacetyiswa. Akukho thuli: Umphezulu kufuneka ungabi nazimbobo (umz., umgangatho ozenza ube kumgangatho ophezulu we-epoxy) ukuthintela ukufunxwa kothuli. Kulula ukuwucoca: Izinto kufuneka zimelane neendlela zokucoca ezifana neejethi zamanzi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, utywala, kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide (umz., intsimbi engatyiwayo eneekona ezijikelezileyo). Ukumelana nokugqwala: Ayimelani nee-asidi, ii-alkalis, kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane (umz., iindonga ezigqunywe nge-PVDF). Amaqabane angenamthungo/aqinileyo: Sebenzisa i-integral welding okanye izitywina ezikhethekileyo (umz., i-silicone) ukuthintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane. I-Anti-static: Kufuneka umaleko oqhubayo (umz., ukugqunywa kwefoyile yobhedu) kwiindawo zokucoca ze-elektroniki.
Imigangatho Yomsebenzi: Kufuneka ukuchaneka kwinqanaba le-millimeter. Ukuthamba: Imiphezulu yodonga kufuneka ihlolwe nge-laser emva kokufakelwa, kunye nezikhewu ≤ 0.5mm (i-2-3mm ivumelekile ngokubanzi kwizakhiwo zokuhlala). Unyango lweKona Ejikelezileyo: Zonke iikona zangaphakathi nezangaphandle mazijikelezwe nge-R ≥ 50mm (thelekisa nee-engile zasekunene okanye imicu yokuhombisa ye-R 10mm kwizakhiwo zokuhlala) ukunciphisa amabala angaboniyo. Ukungangeni komoya: Izibane kunye neesokhethi kufuneka zifakwe kwangaphambili, kwaye amalungu kufuneka avalwe ngeglu (efakwe kumphezulu okanye ngemingxunya yomoya, eqhelekileyo kwizakhiwo zokuhlala).
Ukusebenza > Ubuhle. Ukurhoxisa imifanekiso: Iimolding zokuhombisa kunye neemilo ezigobileyo nezingqukuva (ezixhaphakileyo kwizakhiwo zokuhlala, ezifana neendonga zangasemva kunye namanqanaba esilingi) azivumelekanga. Zonke uyilo zenzelwe ukucoca okulula kunye nokuthintela ungcoliseko. Uyilo olufihliweyo: Umsele womsele womsele womsele wenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo, awuphumi, kwaye ibhodi esisiseko igutyungelwe ludonga (iibhodi ezisezantsi eziphumileyo zixhaphakile kwizakhiwo zokuhlala).
Isiphelo
Ukwakhiwa kwegumbi lokucoca kubandakanya iinkalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi, efuna ulungelelwaniso olusondeleyo phakathi kwazo. Iingxaki kulo naliphi na ikhonkco ziya kuchaphazela umgangatho wokwakhiwa kwegumbi lokucoca.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-11-2025