Kumhombiso weGMP igumbi elicocekileyo lamayeza, inkqubo ye-HVAC yeyona nto iphambili. Kunokuthiwa ukuba ukulawulwa kokusingqongileyo kwegumbi elicocekileyo kunokuhlangabezana neemfuno ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yeHVAC. Ukufudumeza umoya kunye nenkqubo yomoya (HVAC) ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokucoca umoya kwigumbi elicocekileyo le-GMP. Inkqubo ye-HVAC ikakhulu iqhuba inkqubo yokungena komoya kwigumbi kwaye ilawula ubushushu bomoya, ukufuma, amasuntswana amisiweyo, iimicroorganisms, umahluko woxinzelelo kunye nezinye izalathisi zommandla wokuvelisa amayeza ukuqinisekisa ukuba iiparamitha zokusingqongileyo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wamayeza kwaye zithintele ukwenzeka kongcoliseko lomoya kunye nomnqamlezo. -ungcoliseko ngelixa ubonelela ngobume obutofotofo kubaqhubi. Ukongeza, iinkqubo zeHVAC zegumbi ezicocekileyo zinokunciphisa kwaye zithintele iziphumo ezibi zamachiza kubantu ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, kunye nokukhusela indawo engqongileyo.
Uyilo lulonke lwenkqubo yokucoca umoya womoya
Iyunithi iyonke yenkqubo yokucoca umoya womoya kunye namacandelo ayo kufuneka ayilwe ngokweemfuno zokusingqongileyo. Iyunithi ikakhulu ibandakanya amacandelo asebenzayo afana nokufudumeza, ukupholisa, ukufumisa, ukukhupha, kunye nokucoca. Amanye amacandelo abandakanya abalandeli be-exhaust, ukubuyisela abalandeli bomoya, iinkqubo zokubuyisela amandla obushushu, njl. Akumele kubekho izinto eziwayo kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi se-HVAC, kwaye izikhewu kufuneka zibe zincinci kangangoko ukuthintela ukuqokelela uthuli. Iinkqubo ze-HVAC kufuneka kube lula ukuzicoca kwaye zimelane nokutshisa okuyimfuneko kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.
1. Uhlobo lwenkqubo yeHVAC
Iinkqubo zokucoca umoya womoya zinokwahlulwa zibe ziinkqubo zokupholisa umoya ze-DC kunye neenkqubo zokuphinda zijikeleze umoya. Inkqubo yokupholisa umoya ye-DC ithumela umoya wangaphandle ocutshungulweyo onokuhlangabezana neemfuno zesithuba kwigumbi, emva koko ukhuphe wonke umoya. Inkqubo isebenzisa wonke umoya omtsha wangaphandle. Inkqubo yokubuyisela umoya womoya, oko kukuthi, ukunikezelwa komoya wegumbi elicocekileyo kuxutywe kunye nenxalenye yonyango lwangaphandle lomoya ococekileyo kunye nenxalenye yomoya obuyayo ukusuka kwindawo ecocekileyo yegumbi. Ekubeni inkqubo ye-air conditioning ejikelezayo ineenzuzo zotyalo-mali oluphantsi lokuqala kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi, inkqubo yokuvuselela umoya yokubuyisela i-air conditioning kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo ngokusemandleni ekuyilweni kwenkqubo yokupholisa umoya. Umoya kwezinye iindawo zokuvelisa ezikhethekileyo azikwazi ukuphinda zisetyenziswe, ezifana negumbi elicocekileyo (indawo) apho uthuli luphuma khona ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, kwaye ukungcoliswa komnqamlezo akunakugwenywa ukuba umoya wangaphakathi uphathwa; i-solvents ye-organic isetyenziselwa imveliso, kwaye ukuqokelela kwegesi kunokubangela ukuqhuma okanye imililo kunye neenkqubo ezinobungozi; iindawo zokusebenza ze-pathogen; iindawo zokuvelisa amayeza eradioactive; iinkqubo zokuvelisa ezivelisa inani elikhulu lezinto ezinobungozi, ivumba okanye iigesi eziguquguqukayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.
Indawo yemveliso yamachiza inokwahlulwa ibe ziindawo ezininzi ezinamaqondo ahlukeneyo ococeko. Iindawo ezahlukeneyo ezicocekileyo kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeeyunithi zokuphatha umoya ezizimeleyo. Isixokelelwano ngasinye somoya sahlulwe ngokwasemzimbeni ukuthintela ukungcoliseka komnqamlezo phakathi kweemveliso. Iiyunithi zokuphatha umoya ezizimeleyo zingasetyenziselwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso okanye ukwahlula iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokwahlula izinto eziyingozi ngokucocwa komoya ngokungqongqo kunye nokuthintela ukungcoliseka komnqamlezo ngenkqubo yokuhambisa umoya, njengeendawo zokuvelisa, iindawo ezincedisayo zokuvelisa, iindawo zokugcina, iindawo zolawulo, njl. kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngeyunithi yokuphatha umoya eyahlukileyo. Kwiindawo zokuvelisa ezineenguqu zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo okanye amaxesha okusetyenziswa kunye nokwahlukana okukhulu kwiimfuno zokushisa kunye nokulawula ukufuma, iinkqubo zomoya womoya kufuneka zimiselwe ngokwahlukileyo.
2. Imisebenzi kunye nemilinganiselo
(1). Ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa
Indawo yemveliso kufuneka ilungelelaniswe neemfuno zemveliso. Xa kungekho mfuneko ezikhethekileyo zokuvelisa amayeza, umgangatho wokushisa weKlasi C kunye neClass D amagumbi acocekileyo anokulawulwa kwi-18 ~ 26 ° C, kunye nomgangatho wokushisa weKlasi A kunye neClass B amagumbi acocekileyo anokulawulwa kwi-20 ~ 24 °C. Kwinkqubo ye-air conditioning yegumbi elicocekileyo, iikhoyili ezishushu nezibandayo ezinamaphiko okuhambisa ubushushu, ukufudumeza kombane we-tubular, njl. Xa umthamo womoya omtsha mkhulu, ukufudumeza komoya omtsha kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ukukhusela iikhoyili ezisezantsi kwiqhwa. Okanye sebenzisa i-solvents ezishushu nezibandayo, ezifana namanzi ashushu kunye abandayo, i-steam egcweleyo, i-ethylene glycol, iifriji ezahlukeneyo, njl. njl. Yenza ukhetho olusekelwe kwiindleko kunye nezinye iimeko.
(2). I-Humidification kunye ne-dehumidification
Umswakama ohambelanayo wegumbi elicocekileyo kufuneka uhambelane neemfuno zokuvelisa amayeza, kwaye indawo yokuvelisa amayeza kunye nokuthuthuzela komsebenzi kufuneka kuqinisekiswe. Xa kungekho mfuno zikhethekileyo zokuvelisa amayeza, ukufuma okunxulumene neKlasi C kunye neCandelo D leendawo ezicocekileyo zilawulwa kwi-45% ukuya kwi-65%, kunye nomswakama ohambelanayo we-Class A kunye ne-Class B kwiindawo ezicocekileyo zilawulwa kwi-45% ukuya kwi-60% .
Iimveliso ezinomgubo ococekileyo okanye uninzi lwamalungiselelo aqinileyo afuna indawo ephantsi yokuvelisa ukufuma. I-dehumidifiers kunye ne-post-coolers inokuqwalaselwa ukutshatyalaliswa komswakama. Ngenxa yotyalo-mali oluphezulu kunye neendleko zokusebenza, iqondo lombethe lidla ngokufuna ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-5°C. Indawo yemveliso enomswakama ophezulu inokugcinwa ngokusebenzisa umphunga wasefektri, umphunga osulungekileyo olungiselelwe ukusuka kumanzi acociweyo, okanye ngesifuma-manzi somphunga. Xa igumbi elicocekileyo lineemfuno zokufuma, umoya wangaphandle ehlotyeni kufuneka upholiswe sisipholisa emva koko ufudunyezwe ngesifudumezisi ukulungisa ukufuma okunxulumene noko. Ukuba umbane we-static wangaphakathi kufuneka ulawulwe, i-humidification kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwiindawo ezibandayo okanye ezomileyo.
(3). Hluza
Inani leengqungquthela zothuli kunye ne-microorganisms emoyeni omtsha kunye nomoya wokubuyisela unokuncitshiswa ubuncinane ngokusebenzisa izihlungi kwinkqubo ye-HVAC, evumela indawo yokuvelisa ukuba ihlangabezane neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zokucoceka. Kwiinkqubo zokucoca umoya-moya, ukuhluzwa komoya ngokuqhelekileyo kwahlulahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amathathu: ukuhluzwa kwangaphambili, ukuhluzwa okuphakathi kunye nokucoca i-hepa. Inqanaba ngalinye lisebenzisa izihluzi zezinto ezahlukeneyo. Isihluzi sesona sisezantsi kwaye sifakwe ekuqaleni kweyunithi yokuphatha umoya. Iyakwazi ukubamba amaqhekeza amakhulu emoyeni (ubungakanani besuntswana ngaphezu kwe-3 microns). I-filtration ephakathi ifumaneka ezantsi kwe-pre-filter kwaye ifakwe phakathi kweyunithi yokuphatha umoya apho umoya obuyayo ungena khona. Isetyenziselwa ukubamba iincinci ezincinci (ubungakanani besuntswana ngaphezu kwe-0.3 microns). Ukuhluzwa kokugqibela kufumaneka kwicandelo lokukhutshwa kweyunithi yokuphatha umoya, enokugcina umbhobho ucocekile kwaye wandise ubomi benkonzo yesihluzo se-terminal.
Xa inqanaba lokucoceka kwegumbi liphezulu, isihluzo se-hepa sifakwe ezantsi komjelo wokucoca okokugqibela njengesixhobo sokucoca i-terminal. Isixhobo sokucoca i-terminal sifumaneka ekupheleni kweyunithi yokubamba umoya kwaye ifakwe kwisilingi okanye eludongeni lwegumbi. Inokuqinisekisa ukubonelelwa komoya ococekileyo kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuhlanjululwa okanye ukuthumela iinqununu ezikhutshwe kwigumbi elicocekileyo, njengegumbi elicocekileyo leKlasi B okanye iKlasi A kwiKlasi B ecocekileyo yendawo yangasemva.
(4).Ulawulo loxinzelelo
Uninzi lwegumbi elicocekileyo ligcina uxinzelelo olulungileyo, ngelixa i-anteroom ekhokelela kweli gumbi elicocekileyo ligcina ngokulandelelana okuphantsi kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo oluhle, ukuya kwinqanaba elisisiseko se-zero seendawo ezingalawulwayo (izakhiwo eziqhelekileyo). Ukwahlukana koxinzelelo phakathi kweendawo ezicocekileyo kunye neendawo ezingacocekanga kunye phakathi kweendawo ezicocekileyo zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo akufanele zibe ngaphantsi kwe-10 Pa. Xa kuyimfuneko, i-gradients efanelekileyo yoxinzelelo kufuneka iphinde igcinwe phakathi kweendawo zokusebenza ezahlukeneyo (amagumbi okusebenza) kwinqanaba elifanayo lokucoceka. Uxinzelelo olulungileyo olugcinwe kwigumbi elicocekileyo lunokufezekiswa ngokuba umthamo wobonelelo lomoya ube mkhulu kunomthamo wokukhupha umoya. Ukutshintsha umthamo wokubonelela komoya kunokulungelelanisa umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwegumbi ngalinye. Ukuveliswa kweziyobisi ezikhethekileyo, njengamachiza e-penicillin, iindawo zokusebenza ezivelisa uthuli oluninzi kufuneka zigcine uxinzelelo olubi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2023