Ukuzalwa kwegumbi elicocekileyo
Ukuvela kunye nokuphuhliswa kwazo zonke itekhnoloji ngenxa yeemfuno zemveliso. Itekhnoloji yegumbi lokucoca ayinjalo. Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, iUnited States yavelisa iigyroscopes ezidada emoyeni ukuze zihambe ngenqwelomoya. Ngenxa yomgangatho ongazinzanga, zonke ii-gyroscopes ezili-10 kwafuneka ziphinde zenziwe kwakhona umndilili wamaxesha angama-120. Ngexesha leMfazwe yaseKorea ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1950, iUnited States yathatha indawo yezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezingaphezu kwesigidi kwi-160,000 yezixhobo zonxibelelwano lwe-elektroniki. IiRadars zasilela ngama-84% exesha kunye neesona zixhobo zangaphantsi kwamanzi aziphumelelanga ngama-48% exesha. Isizathu sesokuba ukuthembeka kwezixhobo zombane kunye neenxalenye azilunganga kwaye umgangatho awuzinzanga. Umkhosi kunye nabavelisi baphanda izizathu kwaye ekugqibeleni bagqiba kwiinkalo ezininzi ukuba inxulumene nendawo yemveliso engacocekanga. Nangona amanyathelo angqongqo ahlukeneyo athatyathwa ukuvala iworkshop yemveliso ngelo xesha, umphumo wawuncinci. Ke oku kukuzalwa kwegumbi elicocekileyo!
Ukuphuhliswa kwegumbi elicocekileyo
Inqanaba lokuqala
Kwakungekho kwasekuqaleni kwee-1950s apho i-HEPA (i-High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter) yaphuhliswa yiKhomishini yaMandla e-Atomic yase-US ngo-1951 ukusombulula ingxaki yokubamba uthuli lwe-radioactive oluyingozi emzimbeni womntu lwasetyenziswa ekuhluzeni ukunikezelwa komoya iworkshop yemveliso, kwaye igumbi lokucoca langoku lazalwa ngokwenene.
Inqanaba lesibini
Ngo-1961, uWillis Whitfield, umphandi ophezulu kwiSandia National Laboratories e-United States, wenza isindululo senkqubo yentlangano yokuhamba komoya ecocekileyo, eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-laminar flow, ngoku ngokusesikweni ebizwa ngokuba yi-unidirectional flow, waza wayisebenzisa kubunjineli bokwenene. Ukusukela ngoko, amagumbi acocekileyo afikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokucoceka elingazange libonwe ngaphambili.
Inqanaba lesithathu
Kwangalo nyaka, uMkhosi woMoya wase-US waqulunqa kwaye wakhupha umgangatho wokuqala wegumbi elicocekileyo lehlabathi TO-00-25--203 Umyalelo woMkhosi woMoya "Uyilo kunye neMigangatho yeempawu zokuSebenza kwiGumbi eliCocekileyo kunye nokuCoca.Bench".Ngokwesi siseko, iUS Federal Standard FED-STD-209, eyahlula igumbi elicocekileyo libe ngamanqanaba amathathu, yabhengezwa ngoDisemba 1963. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iprototype yeteknoloji yegumbi elicocekileyo sele yenziwe.
Le mithathu iphambili iphambili iphambili idla ngokunconywa njengeembali ezintathu kwimbali yophuhliso lwangoku lwamagumbi acocekileyo.
Phakathi kwiminyaka yee-1960, kwabakho amagumbi okucoca kumacandelo ahlukeneyo emizi-mveliso eUnited States. Ayisetyenziswanga kuphela kwishishini lomkhosi, kodwa ikwakhuthazwa kwi-electronics, optics, micro bearings, micro motors, photosensitive films, ultrapure chemical reagents kunye namanye amacandelo oshishino, adlale indima enkulu ekukhuthazeni uphuhliso lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye neshishini. ngela xesha. Ngesi sizathu, oku kulandelayo yintshayelelo eneenkcukacha ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.
Ukuthelekisa uPhuhliso
Ngaphandle
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1950, iKomishoni yaMandla eAtomic yase-US yazisa isihluzo somoya esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu (HEPA) ngo-1950 ukusombulula ingxaki yokubamba uthuli lwe-radioactive oluyingozi emzimbeni womntu, ibe linyathelo lokuqala kwimbali yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji ecocekileyo. .
Embindini weminyaka yee-1960, igumbi lokucoca kwiifektri ezinjengoomatshini bobuchwephesha be-elektroniki e-United States lakhula njengamakhowa emva kwemvula, kwaye kwangaxeshanye laqalisa inkqubo yokutshintshela itekhnoloji yegumbi lokucoca kwimizi-mveliso kumagumbi acocekileyo ebhayoloji. Ngo-1961, kwazalwa igumbi elicocekileyo le-laminar flow (unidirectional flow). Elona gumbi licocekileyo lakuqala kwihlabathi-iMimiselo yoBugcisa yoMkhosi woMoya wase-US 203 yasekwa.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970, ugqaliselo lolwakhiwo lwegumbi elicocekileyo lwaqala ukutshintshela kumashishini ezonyango, amayeza, okutya kunye namachiza ebhayoloji. Ukongezelela kwiUnited States, amanye amazwe ahambele phambili kwezoshishino, anjengeJapan, iJamani, iBritani, iFransi, iSwitzerland, imimandla eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union, neNetherlands, nawo aye abugqala bubaluleke kakhulu ubugcisa begumbi lokucoca.
Emva kweminyaka yoo-1980, iUnited States kunye neJapan ziye zaphuhlisa ngempumelelo izihluzi ezintsha ze-ultra-high kunye ne-filtration ye-0.1μm kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-99.99%. Ekugqibeleni, amagumbi acocekileyo akumgangatho ophezulu we-0.1μm kwinqanaba le-10 kunye ne-0.1μm kwinqanaba le-1 lakhiwe, elizisa ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe be-cleanroom kwixesha elitsha.
Kwasekhaya
Ukusukela ekuqaleni koo-1960 ukuya ekupheleni koo-1970, le minyaka ilishumi yayilinqanaba lokuqala nesiseko seteknoloji yaseTshayina yokucoca igumbi. Kwakumalunga neminyaka elishumi kamva kunamazwe angaphandle. Yayilixesha elikhethekileyo nelinzima, uqoqosho olubuthathaka kwaye kungekho diplomacy namazwe anamandla. Phantsi kweemeko ezinzima ngolo hlobo, malunga neemfuno zoomatshini abachanekileyo, izixhobo zokubhabha kunye nemizi-mveliso ye-elektroniki, abasebenzi baseTshayina bobuchwephesha bokucoca igumbi baqala uhambo lwabo lokurhweba.
Ukusukela ekupheleni koo-1970 ukuya ekupheleni koo-1980, ngeli xesha leshumi leminyaka, itekhnoloji yegumbi lokucoca laseTshayina libe nenqanaba lophuhliso elinelanga. Kuphuhliso lobuchwephesha begumbi lokucoca laseTshayina, uninzi lweempumelelo ezibalulekileyo kunye nolubalulekileyo sele luzalwe kweli nqanaba. Iimpawu zafikelela kwinqanaba lobugcisa lamazwe angaphandle kwi-1980s.
Ukusukela ekuqaleni koo-1990, uqoqosho lwase-China lugcine ukukhula oluzinzile nolunesantya esiphezulu, notyalo-mali oluqhubekayo lwamazwe ngamazwe, kwaye iqela lamaqela ezizwe ngezizwe liye lakha ngokulandelelana iifektri ezininzi ze-microelectronics e-China. Ke ngoko, itekhnoloji yasekhaya kunye nabaphandi banamathuba amaninzi okunxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo neengqikelelo zoyilo lwegumbi lokucoca elikumgangatho ophezulu wangaphandle, ukuqonda izixhobo eziphambili zehlabathi kunye nezixhobo, ulawulo kunye nokugcinwa, njl.
Ngophuhliso lwesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe, amashishini acocekileyo aseTshayina aphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza.
Njengoko imigangatho yokuphila yabantu iqhubeleka nokuphucuka, iimfuno zabo zendawo yokuhlala kunye nomgangatho wobomi ziya zisiba phezulu nangaphezulu, kwayeigumbi lokucocaItekhnoloji yobunjineli iye yasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngcembe ekucoceni umoya wasekhaya. Ngoku,eTshayina's igumbi lokucocaUbunjineli abusebenzi nje kuphela kwizinto zombane, izixhobo zombane, amayeza, ukutya, uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye namanye amashishini, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba ziqhubele phambili ukuya ekhaya, ulonwabo loluntu kunye nezinye iindawo, amaziko emfundo, njl. njl.igumbi lokucocaiinkampani zobunjineli kumawaka emizi, kunye nesikali sasekhayaigumbi lokucocaishishini liye lakhula, kwaye abantu baye baqala ukuyonwabela kancinane imiphumo yeigumbi lokucocaubunjineli.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-22-2024