Intshayelelo
Igumbi elicocekileyo lisisiseko solawulo longcoliseko. Ngaphandle kwegumbi elicocekileyo, iindawo ezinobuthathaka kungcoliseko azinakuveliswa ngobuninzi. Kwi-FED-STD-2, igumbi elicocekileyo lichazwa njengegumbi elinokucoca umoya, ukusasazwa, ukulungiswa, izixhobo zokwakha kunye nezixhobo, apho iinkqubo ezithile zokusebenza rhoqo zisetyenziswa ukulawula ukuxinana kwamasuntswana emoyeni ukuze kufezekiswe inqanaba elifanelekileyo lokucoceka kwamasuntswana.
Ukuze kufunyanwe isiphumo esihle sococeko kwigumbi elicocekileyo, akufuneki nje kuphela ukugxila ekuthatheni amanyathelo afanelekileyo okucoca umoya opholileyo, kodwa kufuneke nenkqubo, ulwakhiwo kunye nezinye izinto ezizodwa zithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo: kungekuphela nje uyilo olufanelekileyo, kodwa nolwakhiwo olucokisekileyo kunye nofakelo ngokuhambelana nemigaqo, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwegumbi elicocekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwesayensi kunye nolawulo. Ukuze kufunyanwe isiphumo esihle kwigumbi elicocekileyo, uninzi lweencwadi zasekhaya nezangaphandle ziye zachazwa ngokweembono ezahlukeneyo. Enyanisweni, kunzima ukufikelela kulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo phakathi kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezikhethekileyo, kwaye kunzima kubayili ukuqonda umgangatho wolwakhiwo kunye nofakelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kunye nolawulo, ngakumbi ezo zamva nje. Ngokuphathelele amanyathelo okucoca igumbi elicocekileyo, abayili abaninzi, okanye amaqela okwakha, adla ngokunganikeli ngqalelo ngokwaneleyo kwiimeko zabo ezifunekayo, nto leyo ebangela isiphumo sococeko esinganelisiyo. Eli nqaku lixoxa ngokufutshane ngeemeko ezine ezifunekayo zokufezekisa iimfuno zococeko kumanyathelo okucoca igumbi acocekileyo.
1. Ucoceko lomoya
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucoceko lomoya luyahlangabezana neemfuno, eyona nto iphambili kukusebenza kunye nokufakelwa kwesihluzo sokugqibela senkqubo yokucoca.
Ukukhetha isihluzo
Isihluzo sokugqibela senkqubo yokucoca sidla ngokusebenzisa isihluzo se-hepa okanye isihluzo se-sub-hepa. Ngokwemigangatho yelizwe lam, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezihluzo ze-hepa kwahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amane: Udidi A luyi-≥99.9%, Udidi B luyi-≥99.9%, Udidi C luyi-≥99.999%, Udidi D luyi-(kwii-particles ≥0.1μm) ≥99.999% (ekwaziwa ngokuba zizihluzo ze-ultra-hepa); izihluzo ze-sub-hepa zi-(kwii-particles ≥0.5μm) 95~99.9%. Okukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu, kokukhona isihluzo sibiza kakhulu. Ke ngoko, xa sikhetha isihluzo, akufuneki sihlangabezane neemfuno zomoya kuphela, kodwa siqwalasele nengqiqo yezoqoqosho.
Ngokwembono yeemfuno zococeko, umgaqo kukusebenzisa izihluzi ezingasebenzi kakuhle kumagumbi acocekileyo aphantsi kunye nezihluzi ezisebenza kakuhle kumagumbi acocekileyo akumgangatho ophezulu. Ngokubanzi: izihluzi ezisebenza kakuhle neziphakathi zingasetyenziselwa inqanaba lesigidi esi-1; izihluzi ze-hepa ezingaphantsi kwe-hepa okanye zeClass A zingasetyenziselwa inqanaba elingaphantsi kwe-10,000; izihluzi zeClass B zingasetyenziselwa iklasi ye-10,000 ukuya kwi-100; kwaye izihluzi zeClass C zingasetyenziselwa inqanaba le-100 ukuya kwi-1. Kubonakala ngathi kukho iintlobo ezimbini zezihluzi onokukhetha kuzo kwinqanaba ngalinye lococeko. Nokuba ukhetha izihluzi ezisebenza kakuhle okanye ezingasebenzi kakuhle kuxhomekeke kwimeko ethile: xa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo lubi kakhulu, okanye umlinganiselo wokukhupha umoya ngaphakathi umkhulu, okanye igumbi elicocekileyo libaluleke kakhulu kwaye lifuna ukhuseleko olukhulu, kwezi okanye kwenye yezi meko, kufuneka kukhethwe isihluzi esisebenza kakuhle; kungenjalo, kukhethwe isihluzi esisebenza kakuhle. Kumagumbi acocekileyo afuna ulawulo lwee-particles ze-0.1μm, kufuneka kukhethwe izihluzi zeClass D nokuba zingakanani na ii-particle concentration ezilawulwayo. Oku kungasentla kuxhomekeke kuphela kwimbono yesihluzo. Enyanisweni, ukuze ukhethe isihluzo esilungileyo, kufuneka uqwalasele ngokupheleleyo iimpawu zegumbi elicocekileyo, isihluzo, kunye nenkqubo yokucoca.
Ukufakwa kwesihluzi
Ukuqinisekisa ukucoceka komoya, akwanelanga ukuba nezihluzo ezifanelekileyo kuphela, kodwa nokuqinisekisa: a. Isihluzo asonakali ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokufakelwa; b. Ukufakelwa kuqinile. Ukufezekisa inqaku lokuqala, abasebenzi bokwakha nokufakela kufuneka baqeqeshwe kakuhle, benolwazi lokufaka iinkqubo zokucoca kunye nezakhono zokufakela ezinobuchule. Ngaphandle koko, kuya kuba nzima ukuqinisekisa ukuba isihluzo asonakali. Kukho izifundo ezinzulu kule nkalo. Okwesibini, ingxaki yokuqina kokufakelwa ixhomekeke kakhulu kumgangatho wesakhiwo sokufakela. Incwadi yoyilo icebisa ngokubanzi: kwisihluzo esinye, kusetyenziswa ukufakelwa kohlobo oluvulekileyo, ukuze nokuba kukho ukuvuza, kungangeni kwigumbi; kusetyenziswa i-hepa air outlet egqityiweyo, ukuqina kulula nokuqinisekisa. Kumoya wezihluzo ezininzi, i-gel seal kunye ne-negative pressure sealing zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
I-gel seal kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba i-liquid tank joint iqinile kwaye ifreyimu iyonke ikwindawo enye ethe tyaba. I-Negative pressure sealing yenza umda wangaphandle we-joint phakathi kwe-filter kunye ne-static pressure box kunye nefreyimu ibe kwimeko ye-negative pressure. Njengofakelo oluvulekileyo, nokuba kukho ukuvuza, akuyi kuvuza kwigumbi. Enyanisweni, lo gama nje ifreyimu yokufakela ithe tyaba kwaye ubuso besiphelo se-filter bunxibelelene nefreyimu yokufakela, kufanele kube lula ukwenza i-filter ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuqina kofakelo kulo naluphi na uhlobo lofakelo.
2. Ulungiselelo lokuhamba komoya
Ulungiselelo lokuhamba komoya kwigumbi elicocekileyo lwahlukile kulolo lwegumbi elinomoya opholileyo ngokubanzi. Lufuna ukuba umoya ococekileyo usiwe kwindawo yokusebenza kuqala. Umsebenzi walo kukunciphisa nokunciphisa ungcoliseko kwizinto ezicutshungulwayo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, le migaqo ilandelayo kufuneka iqwalaselwe xa kuqulunqwa ulungiselelo lokuhamba komoya: ukunciphisa imisinga ye-eddy ukuze kuthintelwe ukungenisa ungcoliseko oluvela ngaphandle kwendawo yokusebenza kwindawo yokusebenza; zama ukuthintela ukubhabha kothuli ukuze kuncitshiswe amathuba okuba uthuli lungcolise indawo yokusebenza; ukuhamba komoya kwindawo yokusebenza kufuneka kufane kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kwaye isantya somoya kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zenkqubo kunye nococeko. Xa ukuhamba komoya kuphuma kwindawo yokungenisa umoya ebuyayo, uthuli olusemoyeni kufuneka lususwe ngokufanelekileyo. Khetha iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa umoya kunye neendlela zokubuyisela umoya ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zococeko.
Imibutho eyahlukeneyo yokuhamba komoya ineempawu zayo kunye nemida yayo:
(1). Ukuhamba ngokuthe nkqo kwicala elinye
Ukongeza kwiingenelo eziqhelekileyo zokufumana umoya ohamba ngokulinganayo phantsi, ukwenza kube lula ukulungelelanisa izixhobo zenkqubo, amandla okuzicoca aqinileyo, kunye nokwenza lula izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nezibonelelo zokucoca umntu, iindlela ezine zokuhambisa umoya nazo zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zazo: izihluzi ze-hepa ezigqunywe ngokupheleleyo zineengenelo zokuxhathisa okuphantsi kunye nomjikelo omde wokutshintsha isihluzi, kodwa ulwakhiwo lwesilingi luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye ixabiso liphezulu; iingenelo kunye neengxaki zokuhanjiswa kwe-hepa filter top kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-plate top egcwele umngxuma zichasene nezo zokuhanjiswa kwe-hepa filter top egcwele umngxuma. Phakathi kwazo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-plate top egcwele umngxuma kulula ukuqokelela uthuli kumphezulu ongaphakathi we-orifice plate xa inkqubo ingasebenzi rhoqo, kwaye ukugcinwa okungalunganga kunempembelelo ethile kucoceko; ukuhanjiswa kwe-dense diffuser top kufuna umaleko wokuxuba, ngoko ke kufanelekile kuphela kumagumbi amade acocekileyo angaphezu kwe-4m, kwaye iimpawu zayo zifana nokuhanjiswa kwe-plate top egcwele umngxuma; Indlela yokubuyisela umoya kwipleyiti enegrilles kumacala omabini kunye neendawo zokubuyisela umoya ezicwangciswe ngokulinganayo ezantsi kweendonga ezichaseneyo zilungele kuphela amagumbi acocekileyo anesithuba esingaphantsi kwe-6m kumacala omabini; iindawo zokubuyisela umoya ezicwangciswe ezantsi kodonga olunecala elinye zilungele kuphela amagumbi acocekileyo anomgama omncinci phakathi kweendonga (ezifana ne-≤<2~3m).
(2). Ukuhamba kweendlela ezithe tye
Kuphela yindawo yokuqala yokusebenza enokufikelela kwinqanaba lokucoceka eliyi-100. Xa umoya usiya kwelinye icala, uxinano lothuli luyanda kancinci kancinci. Ke ngoko, lufanele kuphela amagumbi acocekileyo aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokucoceka kwenkqubo efanayo kwigumbi elinye. Ukusasazwa kweendawo zeefilitha ze-hepa eludongeni lonikezelo lomoya kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kweefilitha ze-hepa kwaye konge utyalo-mali lokuqala, kodwa kukho ii-eddies kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni.
(3). Ukuhamba komoya oxokozelayo
Iimpawu zokuhanjiswa kweepleyiti ze-orifice eziphezulu kunye nokuhanjiswa okuphezulu kwee-diffusers ezixineneyo ziyafana nezo zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla: iingenelo zokuhanjiswa ecaleni kulula ukuzilungiselela iipayipi, akukho mfuneko yokudibanisa izixhobo zobugcisa, ixabiso liphantsi, kwaye zilungele ukuhlaziywa kweefektri ezindala. Iingxaki kukuba isantya somoya kwindawo yokusebenza sikhulu, kwaye uxinano lothuli kwicala lomoya ophantsi luphezulu kunelo kwicala lomoya onyukayo; ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kwee-outlets ze-hepa filter kuneengenelo zenkqubo elula, akukho mibhobho ngasemva kwesihluzo se-hepa, kunye nokuhamba komoya okucocekileyo okuziswa ngqo kwindawo yokusebenza, kodwa ukuhamba komoya okucocekileyo kuyasasazeka kancinci kwaye ukuhamba komoya kwindawo yokusebenza kuyafana ngakumbi; nangona kunjalo, xa iindawo ezininzi zomoya zicwangciswe ngokulinganayo okanye kusetyenziswa iindawo zomoya ze-hepa filter ezine-diffusers, ukuhamba komoya kwindawo yokusebenza nako kunokwenziwa kufane ngakumbi; kodwa xa inkqubo ingasebenzi rhoqo, i-diffuser ithambekele ekuqokeleleni kothuli.
Le ngxoxo ingentla ikwimeko efanelekileyo kwaye icebiswa ziinkcukacha zelizwe ezifanelekileyo, imigangatho okanye iincwadi zoyilo. Kwiiprojekthi zokwenyani, umbutho wokuhamba komoya awucwangciswanga kakuhle ngenxa yeemeko ezichanekileyo okanye izizathu ezizimeleyo zomyili. Eziqhelekileyo ziquka: ukuhamba okuthe nkqo okuhambayo kwamkela umoya obuyayo ukusuka kwinxalenye esezantsi yeendonga ezimbini ezikufutshane, iklasi yengingqi ye-100 isebenzisa ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kunye nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu (oko kukuthi, akukho khethini yokuxhoma eyongeziweyo phantsi kwesithuba somoya sendawo), kwaye amagumbi acocekileyo atyhutyhayo asebenzisa ukuhanjiswa komoya we-hepa filter kunye nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu okanye ukubuyiselwa okuphantsi kwecala elinye (isithuba esikhulu phakathi kweendonga), njl. Ezi ndlela zokulungiselela ukuhamba komoya zilinganisiwe kwaye uninzi lococeko lwazo aluhlangabezani neemfuno zoyilo. Ngenxa yeenkcukacha zangoku zokwamkelwa okungenanto okanye okungashukumiyo, amanye ala magumbi acocekileyo afikelela kwinqanaba lococeko oluyilwe kwiimeko ezingenanto okanye ezingashukumiyo, kodwa amandla okulwa nongcoliseko aphantsi kakhulu, kwaye xa igumbi elicocekileyo lingena kwimeko yokusebenza, alihlangabezani neemfuno.
Ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lokuhamba komoya kufuneka lubekwe ngamakhethini axhonywe ukuya kutsho kubude bendawo yokusebenza kwindawo yasekuhlaleni, kwaye udidi lwe-100,000 alufanele lusebenzise ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu kunye nokubuyiselwa okuphezulu. Ukongeza, uninzi lweefektri ngoku zivelisa iindawo zomoya ezisebenzayo kakhulu ezinee-diffuser, kwaye ii-diffuser zazo ziipleyiti ze-orifice zokuhombisa kuphela kwaye azidlali indima yokusasaza ukuhamba komoya. Abayili kunye nabasebenzisi kufuneka banikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo koku.
3. Umthamo wonikezelo lomoya okanye isantya somoya
Umthamo owaneleyo womoya wokungenisa umoya kukunciphisa nokususa umoya ongcolileyo wangaphakathi. Ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zococeko, xa ukuphakama okucocekileyo kwegumbi elicocekileyo kuphezulu, ubuninzi bomoya wokungenisa umoya kufuneka bunyuswe ngokufanelekileyo. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo womoya wokungenisa umoya wegumbi elicocekileyo eliyi-1 yezigidi uqwalaselwa ngokwenkqubo yokucoca esebenza kakuhle, kwaye ezinye ziqwalaselwe ngokwenkqubo yokucoca esebenza kakuhle; xa izihluzi ze-hepa zegumbi elicocekileyo leklasi ye-100,000 zixinene kwigumbi lomatshini okanye izihluzi ze-sub-hepa zisetyenziswa ekupheleni kwenkqubo, ubuninzi bomoya wokungenisa umoya bunokwandiswa ngokufanelekileyo nge-10-20%.
Kwixabiso elicetyiswayo lomthamo womoya ongaphezulu, umbhali ukholelwa ukuba: isantya somoya kwicandelo legumbi legumbi elicocekileyo lokuhamba komoya liphantsi, kwaye igumbi elicocekileyo elinomoya ovuthuzayo linexabiso elicetyiswayo elinomlinganiselo owaneleyo wokhuseleko. Ukuhamba okuthe nkqo okuhamba komoya ≥ 0.25m/s, ukuhamba okuthe tye okuhamba komoya ≥ 0.35m/s. Nangona iimfuno zococeko zinokufezekiswa xa kuvavanywa kwiimeko ezingenanto okanye ezingashukumiyo, amandla okulwa nongcoliseko aphantsi. Nje ukuba igumbi lingene kwimeko yokusebenza, ucoceko lusenokungahlangabezani neemfuno. Olu hlobo lomzekelo alulodwa. Kwangaxeshanye, akukho fan zifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokucoca kuthotho lweventilator yelizwe lam. Ngokubanzi, abayili badla ngokwenza ubalo oluchanekileyo lokumelana nomoya kwenkqubo, okanye abaqapheli ukuba ifeni ekhethiweyo ikwindawo yokusebenza efanelekileyo kwigophe eliphawuleka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umthamo womoya okanye isantya somoya singafikeleli kwixabiso loyilo emva nje kokuba inkqubo iqalisiwe ukusebenza. Umgangatho worhulumente wase-US (FS209A~B) umisele ukuba isantya sokuhamba komoya kwigumbi elicocekileyo elihamba kwicala elinye ngokusebenzisa icandelo elinqamlezileyo legumbi elicocekileyo sihlala sigcinwa kwi-90ft/min (0.45m/s), kwaye isantya sokungahambelani singaphakathi kwe-±20% phantsi kwemeko yokuba akukho kuphazamiseka kwigumbi lonke. Nakuphi na ukwehla okukhulu kwisantya sokuhamba komoya kuya kwandisa amathuba okuba ixesha lokuzicoca kunye nongcoliseko phakathi kweendawo zokusebenza (emva kokubhengezwa kwe-FS209C ngo-Okthobha 1987, akukho migaqo yenziweyo kuzo zonke izalathisi zeparameter ngaphandle koxinzelelo lothuli).
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umbhali ukholelwa ukuba kufanelekile ukunyusa ngokufanelekileyo ixabiso loyilo lwasekhaya lwangoku lwesantya sokuhamba kwegesi ngendlela enye. Iyunithi yethu yenze oku kwiiprojekthi zokwenyani, kwaye isiphumo silungile. Igumbi elicocekileyo elinoxinzelelo linexabiso elicetyiswayo elinomlinganiselo owaneleyo wokhuseleko, kodwa abayili abaninzi abakaqinisekiswa. Xa besenza uyilo oluthile, bonyusa umthamo womoya wegumbi elicocekileyo leklasi ye-100,000 ukuya kumaxesha angama-20-25/h, igumbi elicocekileyo leklasi ye-10,000 ukuya kumaxesha angama-30-40/h, kunye negumbi elicocekileyo leklasi ye-1000 ukuya kumaxesha angama-60-70/h. Oku akunyusi nje kuphela amandla ezixhobo kunye notyalo-mali lokuqala, kodwa kwandisa neendleko zokugcinwa kunye nolawulo lwexesha elizayo. Enyanisweni, akukho mfuneko yokwenza njalo. Xa kuqulunqwa amanyathelo obuchwephesha okucoca umoya welizwe lam, kuphandwe kwaye kwalinganiswa amagumbi acocekileyo angaphezu kweklasi ye-100 eTshayina. Amagumbi amaninzi acocekileyo avavanyiwe phantsi kweemeko eziguquguqukayo. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba umthamo womoya womoya weklasi ye-100,000 amagumbi acocekileyo ≥10 amaxesha/h, udidi lwe-10,000 amagumbi acocekileyo ≥20 amaxesha/h, kunye nodidi lwe-1000 amagumbi acocekileyo ≥50 amaxesha/h anokuhlangabezana neemfuno. I-US Federal Standard (FS2O9A~B) ithi: amagumbi acocekileyo angakhethi cala (udidi lwe-100,000, udidi lwe-10,000), ukuphakama kwegumbi yi-8~12ft (2.44~3.66m), ngokuqhelekileyo acinga ukuba igumbi lonke lifanele lingene umoya ubuncinane kanye emva kwemizuzu emi-3 (oko kukuthi amaxesha angama-20/h). Ke ngoko, iinkcukacha zoyilo ziqwalasele i-extra coefficient enkulu, kwaye umyili unokukhetha ngokukhuselekileyo ngokwexabiso elicetyiswayo lomthamo womoya.
4. Umahluko woxinzelelo oluqinileyo
Ukugcina uxinzelelo oluthile oluhle kwigumbi elicocekileyo yenye yeemeko ezibalulekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba igumbi elicocekileyo alingcoliswanga okanye alingcoliswanga kangako ukuze kugcinwe inqanaba lococeko elicwangcisiweyo. Nokuba kumagumbi acocekileyo angcoliswanga kakuhle, kufuneka abe namagumbi okanye iisuti ezikufutshane ezinenqanaba lococeko elingaphantsi kwenqanaba lalo ukuze kugcinwe uxinzelelo oluthile oluhle, ukuze kugcinwe ucoceko lwegumbi elicocekileyo elingcoliswayo.
Ixabiso loxinzelelo oluhle lwegumbi elicocekileyo libhekisa kwixabiso xa uxinzelelo olungashukumiyo lwangaphakathi lungaphezulu koxinzelelo olungashukumiyo lwangaphandle xa zonke iingcango kunye neefestile zivaliwe. Oku kufezekiswa ngendlela yokuba umthamo womoya wenkqubo yokucoca ungaphezulu komthamo womoya obuyayo kunye nomthamo womoya ophumayo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ixabiso loxinzelelo oluhle lwegumbi elicocekileyo, kungcono ukuba iifeni zombane, iifeni zombane kunye neefeni zombane zitshixelwe. Xa inkqubo ivuliwe, kuqala kuqaliswe ifeni yombane, emva koko kuqaliswe iifeni zombane kunye neefeni zombane; xa inkqubo icinyiwe, ifeni yombane icinyiwe kuqala, emva koko iifeni zombane kunye neefeni zombane zicinywe ukuthintela ukuba igumbi elicocekileyo lingangcoliswa xa inkqubo ivuliwe kwaye icinyiwe.
Umthamo womoya ofunekayo ukugcina uxinzelelo oluhle lwegumbi elicocekileyo uxhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni isakhiwo sokugcina sicocekile asingeni moya. Kwimihla yokuqala yokwakhiwa kwegumbi elicocekileyo kwilizwe lam, ngenxa yokuba isakhiwo esivalekileyo asingeni moya kakuhle, kwakufuneka amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kuma-6 ngeyure yonikezelo lomoya ukugcina uxinzelelo oluhle lwe-≥5Pa; okwangoku, unikezelo lomoya lwesakhiwo sokugcina luphuculwe kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka kuphela amaxesha ama-1 ukuya kuma-2 ngeyure yonikezelo lomoya ukugcina uxinzelelo olufanayo oluhle; kwaye kufuneka amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kuma-3 ngeyure yonikezelo lomoya ukugcina i-≥10Pa.
Iinkcukacha zoyilo lwelizwe lam [6] zichaza ukuba umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluzinzileyo phakathi kwamagumbi acocekileyo ahlukeneyo kunye naphakathi kweendawo ezicocekileyo kunye neendawo ezingacocekanga kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-0.5mm H2O (~5Pa), kwaye umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo oluzinzileyo phakathi kwendawo ecocekileyo kunye nendawo yangaphandle kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-1.0mm H2O (~10Pa). Umbhali ukholelwa ukuba eli xabiso libonakala liphantsi kakhulu ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu:
(1) Uxinzelelo oluqinisekileyo lubhekisa kubuchule begumbi elicocekileyo bokucinezela ungcoliseko lomoya ngaphakathi ngokusebenzisa izikhewu eziphakathi kweengcango neefestile, okanye ukunciphisa ungcoliseko olungena kwigumbi xa iingcango neefestile zivulwa ixesha elifutshane. Ubungakanani boxinzelelo oluqinisekileyo bubonisa amandla okulawula ungcoliseko. Kakade ke, okukhona uxinzelelo oluqinisekileyo lukhulu, kokukhona lungcono (oluza kuxutyushwa kamva).
(2) Umthamo womoya ofunekayo kuxinzelelo oluhle ulinganiselwe. Umthamo womoya ofunekayo kuxinzelelo oluhle lwe-5Pa kunye noxinzelelo oluhle lwe-10Pa uhlukile ngexesha elinye kuphela ngeyure. Kutheni ungakwenzi oko? Ngokucacileyo, kungcono ukuthatha umda ophantsi woxinzelelo oluhle njenge-10Pa.
(3) I-US Federal Standard (FS209A~B) ithi xa zonke iindlela zokungena nezokuphuma zivaliwe, umahluko omncinci woxinzelelo oluphakathi kwegumbi elicocekileyo kunye nayo nayiphi na indawo ekufutshane yokucoceka okuphantsi yi-0.05 intshi yamanzi (12.5Pa). Eli xabiso lamkelwe ngamazwe amaninzi. Kodwa ixabiso loxinzelelo olulungileyo legumbi elicocekileyo aliphezulu, lingcono. Ngokweemvavanyo zobunjineli zeyunithi yethu kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-30, xa ixabiso loxinzelelo olulungileyo liyi-≥ 30Pa, kunzima ukuvula ucango. Ukuba uvala ucango ngokungakhathali, luya kwenza umsindo! Kuya kubathusa abantu. Xa ixabiso loxinzelelo olulungileyo liyi-≥ 50~70Pa, izithuba phakathi kweminyango neefestile ziya kwenza umsindo, kwaye abo babuthathaka okanye abo baneempawu ezingafanelekanga baya kuziva bengakhululekanga. Nangona kunjalo, iinkcukacha okanye imigangatho efanelekileyo yamazwe amaninzi ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ayichazi umda ophezulu woxinzelelo olulungileyo. Ngenxa yoko, iiyunithi ezininzi zifuna kuphela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomda ophantsi, nokuba umda ophezulu ungakanani. Kwigumbi elicocekileyo elifunyenwe ngumbhali, ixabiso loxinzelelo oluhle liphezulu njenge-100Pa okanye ngaphezulu, nto leyo ebangela iziphumo ezimbi kakhulu. Enyanisweni, ukulungisa uxinzelelo oluhle aluyonto inzima. Kunokwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukululawula ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile. Kwakukho uxwebhu oluchaza ukuba ilizwe elithile eMpuma Yurophu lichaza ixabiso loxinzelelo oluhle njenge-1-3mm H20 (malunga ne-10~30Pa). Umbhali ukholelwa ukuba olu luhlu lufanelekile ngakumbi.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-13-2025