1. Uyilo lwegumbi lokucoca
Igumbi lokucoca liba neendawo ezintathu eziphambili: indawo ecocekileyo, indawo ecoceke kancinci, kunye nendawo encedisayo. Uyilo lwegumbi lokucoca lunokulungiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
(1). I-corridor ejikelezileyo: I-corridor ingaba neefestile okanye ingenafestile kwaye isebenza njengendawo yokujonga kunye nendawo yokugcina izixhobo. Ezinye iipaseji zinokuba nezifudumezi zangaphakathi. Iifestile zangaphandle kufuneka ziphindwe kabini.
(2). I-corridor yangaphakathi: I-Cleanroom ibekwe kwi-perimeter, ngelixa i-corridor ingaphakathi. Olu hlobo lwepaseji lunenqanaba eliphezulu lokucoceka, nokuba lihambelana negumbi elicocekileyo.
(3). I-End-to-End corridor: Igumbi lokucoca libekwe kwicala elinye, elinamagumbi acocekileyo kunye namagumbi ancedisayo kwelinye.
(4). Ipaseji engundoqo: Ukugcina indawo kunye nokunciphisa imibhobho, igumbi lokucoca linokuba ngundoqo, lijikelezwe ngamagumbi ancedisayo ahlukeneyo kunye nemibhobho efihliweyo. Le ndlela ikhusela igumbi lokucoca kwimiphumo yemozulu yangaphandle, inciphisa ukupholisa kunye nokufudumeza ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye negalelo ekugcinweni kwamandla.
2. Iindlela zokucoca zobuqu
Ukunciphisa ungcoliseko olusuka kwimisebenzi yabantu ngexesha lomsebenzi, abasebenzi kufuneka batshintshe banxibe iimpahla ezicocekileyo ze emva koko bahlambe, bahlambe, kwaye babulale iintsholongwane ngaphambi kokungena kwigumbi elicocekileyo. La manyathelo kubhekiselwa kuwo ngokuthi "ukutshatyalaliswa kwabasebenzi," okanye "ukutshatyalaliswa komntu." Igumbi lokutshintsha ngaphakathi kwegumbi elicocekileyo kufuneka lifakwe umoya kwaye ligcine uxinzelelo olulungileyo olunxulumene namanye amagumbi, anjengendawo yokungena. Izindlu zangasese kunye neeshawa kufuneka zigcine uxinzelelo olulungileyo, ngelixa izindlu zangasese kunye neeshawara kufuneka zigcine uxinzelelo olubi.
3. Iindlela zokucoca izinto eziphathekayo
Zonke izinto kufuneka zihlanjululwe ngaphambi kokuba zingene kwigumbi lokucoca, okanye "ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziphathekayo." Indlela yokucoca imathiriyeli kufuneka yohlulwe kwindlela ecocekileyo yegumbi. Ukuba izinto kunye nabasebenzi banokungena kuphela kwigumbi elicocekileyo ukusuka kwindawo enye, kufuneka bangene ngeendlela zokungena ezihlukeneyo, kwaye izixhobo kufuneka zihlanjululwe kwangaphambili. Ukusetyenziswa kwemigca yokuvelisa ephantsi, indawo yokugcina ephakathi ingafakwa ngaphakathi kwendlela yezinto eziphathekayo. Ukufumana imigca yemveliso elungelelanisiweyo, indlela yemathiriyeli ethe ngqo kufuneka isetyenziswe, ngamanye amaxesha ifuna ukucocwa okuninzi kunye nezibonelelo zokudluliselwa ngaphakathi kwendlela. Ngokumalunga noyilo lwenkqubo, izigaba zokucoca ngokucokisekileyo kunye nezicolekileyo zegumbi lokucoca ziya kuvuthela amasuntswana amaninzi, ngoko ke indawo ecocekileyo kufuneka igcinwe kuxinzelelo olubi okanye uxinzelelo lwe-zero. Ukuba umngcipheko wongcoliseko uphezulu, ulwalathiso lwe-inlet kufuneka lugcinwe kuxinzelelo olubi.
4. Umbutho wemibhobho
Imibhobho kwigumbi lokucoca elingenathuli inzima kakhulu, ngoko ke le mibhobho icwangciswe ngendlela efihlakeleyo. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zombutho ezifihliweyo.
(1). I-mezzanine yobugcisa
①. I-mezzanine ephezulu yobugcisa. Kule mezzanine, i-cross-section of supply and return air ducts iyona nto inkulu, ngoko yinto yokuqala ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwi-mezzanine. Ngokuqhelekileyo ihlelwe phezulu kwi-mezzanine, kwaye imibhobho yombane ihlelwe ngaphantsi kwayo. Xa i-plate ephantsi yale mezzanine inokuthwala ubunzima obuthile, izihlungi kunye nezixhobo zokukhupha zingafakwa kuyo.
②. Igumbi lobugcisa mezzanine. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-mezzanine ephezulu kuphela, le ndlela inokunciphisa i-wiring kunye nokuphakama kwe-mezzanine kwaye igcine isicatshulwa sobugcisa esifunekayo kwi-duct yokubuyisela umoya ukubuyela kwi-mezzanine ephezulu. Ukuhanjiswa kwezixhobo zombane zomoya fan kwakhona kunokusetwa kwipaseji esezantsi. Ipaseji ephezulu yegumbi lokucoca elingenathuli kumgangatho othile linokuthi lisebenze njengepaseji esezantsi yomgangatho ophezulu.
(2). Imibhobho ethe tyaba ngaphakathi kwe-mezzanines ephezulu nangaphantsi yeendlela zobugcisa (iindonga) ziguqulelwa ngokubanzi kwimibhobho ethe nkqo. Indawo efihliweyo apho ihlala khona le mibhobho ibizwa ngokuba yindawo yobugcisa. Iipaseji zobugcisa zinokufaka izixhobo ezincedisayo ezingalilungelanga igumbi lokucoca, kwaye zinokusebenza njengemibhobho yomoya yokubuya ngokubanzi okanye iibhokisi zoxinzelelo ezimileyo. Ezinye zinokufaka iiradiyetha ezinetyhubhu yokukhanya. Ekubeni ezi ntlobo zeendlela zobugcisa (iindonga) zihlala zisebenzisa izahlulo ezilula, zinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokulula xa iinkqubo zilungiswa.
(3). Iishafti zobugcisa: Ngelixa ii-asiles zobugcisa (iindonga) ngokuqhelekileyo zinganqumli imigangatho, xa zisenza, zisetyenziswa njengeshaft yobugcisa. Zihlala ziyinxalenye esisigxina yesakhiwo sokwakha. Ngenxa yokuba i-shafts yobugcisa idibanisa imigangatho eyahlukeneyo, ukukhusela umlilo, emva kokuba kufakwe umbhobho wangaphakathi, i-inter-floor enclosure kufuneka ivalwe ngezinto eziphathekayo ezinomlinganiselo wokumelana nomlilo ongekho ngaphantsi kwe-slab yomgangatho. Umsebenzi wokulungisa kufuneka uqhutywe kwiindidi, kwaye iingcango zokuhlola kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngeengcango ezinomlilo. Ingaba i-mezzanine yobugcisa, i-aisle yobugcisa, okanye i-shaft yobugcisa isebenza ngokuthe ngqo njengombhobho womoya, indawo yayo yangaphakathi kufuneka iphathwe ngokuhambelana neemfuno zemigangatho yangaphakathi yegumbi elicocekileyo.
(5). Indawo yegumbi lomatshini. Kungcono ukubeka igumbi lomatshini we-air-conditioning kufuphi negumbi lokucoca elingenathuli elifuna umthamo omkhulu wokuhambisa umoya, kwaye uzame ukugcina umgca we-air duct umfutshane kangangoko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kuthintelwe ingxolo kunye nokungcangcazela, igumbi lokucoca elingenathuli kunye negumbi lomatshini kufuneka lahlulwe. Zombini ezi nkalo zifanele ziqwalaselwe. Iindlela zokwahlula ziquka:
1. Indlela yokuhlukana kwesakhiwo: (1) Indlela yokwahlula ngokudibeneyo yokuhlala. Indawo yokuhlala idlula phakathi kwendawo yokusebenzela engenathuli kunye negumbi lomatshini ukuze lisebenze njengesahlulelo. (2) Indlela yokwahlula udonga lokwahlulahlula. Ukuba igumbi lomatshini lisondele kwi-workshop engenathuli, endaweni yokwabelana ngodonga, ngamnye unodonga lwayo lokwahlula, kwaye ububanzi obuthile be-gap bushiywe phakathi kweendonga ezimbini zokwahlula. (3) Indlela yokwahlula igumbi elincedisayo. Igumbi elincedisayo limiselwe phakathi kwendawo yokusebenzela engenathuli kunye negumbi lomatshini ukuze lisebenze njengesithinteli.
2. Indlela yokusabalalisa: (1) Indlela yokusabalalisa phezu kophahla okanye isilingi: Igumbi lomatshini lihlala libekwe phezu kophahla oluphezulu ukuze ligcinwe kude ne-workshop engenathuli engezantsi, kodwa umgangatho ophantsi wephahla ukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo njengomgangatho oncedisayo okanye wokulawula igumbi, okanye njenge-mezzanine yobugcisa. (2) Uhlobo olusasazwe ngaphantsi komhlaba: Igumbi lomatshini likwigumbi elingaphantsi. (3). Indlela yokwakha ezimeleyo: Igumbi lomatshini elahlukileyo lakhiwe ngaphandle kwesakhiwo segumbi elicocekileyo, kodwa kungcono ukuba usondele kakhulu kwigumbi elicocekileyo. Igumbi lomatshini kufuneka linikele ingqalelo kwi-vibration yodwa kunye nokufakwa kwesandi. Umgangatho kufuneka ungangeni manzi kwaye ube nemilinganiselo yokukhupha amanzi. Ukwahlulwa kweVibration: Izibiyeli kunye neziseko zeefeni zomthombo wokungcangcazela, iimotor, iimpompo zamanzi, njl.njl. kufuneka zinyangwe ngonyango lokulwa nokungcangcazela. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, izixhobo kufuneka zifakwe kwi-slab yekhonkrithi, kwaye ke i-slab kufuneka ixhaswe ngezinto ezichasene ne-vibration. Ubunzima be-slab kufuneka bube ngama-2 ukuya ku-3 ubunzima obupheleleyo besixhobo. Ukufakwa kwesandi: Ukongeza kokufaka isithulisi kwinkqubo, amagumbi amakhulu omatshini anokuqwalasela izinto zokunamathisela kunye neempawu ezithile zokufunxa isandi kwiindonga. Kufuneka kufakwe iingcango ezingangenwa lizwi. Musa ukuvula iingcango kudonga lokwahlula kunye nendawo ecocekileyo.
5. Ukufuduka ngokukhuselekileyo
Ekubeni igumbi elicocekileyo liyisakhiwo esivaliweyo kakhulu, ukukhutshwa kwayo okukhuselekileyo kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye ivelele, ehambelana ngokusondeleyo nokufakwa kwenkqubo yokucoca umoya. Ngokuqhelekileyo, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka aqatshelwe:
(1). Indawo nganye engatshiyo okanye ecocekileyo kumgangatho wemveliso kufuneka ibe neendawo zokuphuma ezingxamisekileyo ezimbini ubuncinane. Inye kuphela indawo yokuphuma kaxakeka evumelekileyo ukuba indawo ingaphantsi kwe-50 square metres kwaye inani labasebenzi lingaphantsi kwesihlanu.
(2). Isango lokungena kwigumbi lokucoca akufuneki lisetyenziswe njengeendawo zokuphuma. Ngenxa yokuba iindlela zamagumbi acocekileyo zihlala zijikeleza, kunokuba nzima kubasebenzi ukuba bafikelele ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle ukuba umsi okanye umlilo ugubungela indawo.
(3). Amagumbi okuhlamba umoya akufanele asetyenziswe njengeendlela zokufikelela ngokubanzi. Ezi ngcango zihlala zineengcango ezimbini ezidibeneyo okanye ezizenzekelayo, kwaye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunokuchaphazela kakhulu ukuphuma. Ke ngoko, iingcango ze-bypass ziqhele ukufakwa kumagumbi okuhlamba, kwaye zibalulekile ukuba kukho abasebenzi abangaphezu kwesihlanu. Ngokwesiqhelo, abasebenzi kufuneka baphume kwigumbi elicocekileyo ngomnyango odlulayo, hayi igumbi leshawari yomoya.
(4). Ukugcina uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi, iingcango zegumbi ngalinye elicocekileyo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokucoca kufuneka zijongane negumbi elinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Oku kuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo lokubamba umnyango uvaliwe, nto leyo ephikisana ngokucacileyo neemfuno zokukhutshwa okukhuselekileyo. Ukuze kuthathelwe ingqalelo iimfuno zokucoceka okuqhelekileyo kunye nokufuduka ngokukhawuleza, kuchazwe ukuba iingcango phakathi kweendawo ezicocekileyo kunye neendawo ezingacocekanga, kunye neengcango phakathi kweendawo ezicocekileyo kunye nangaphandle ziya kuthathwa njengeengcango zokukhupha ukhuseleko, kwaye ulwalathiso lwabo lokuvula luya kuba sendleleni yokuphuma. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kuyafana nakwiminyango yokhuseleko enye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-09-2025