Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya zezindlu ezicocekileyo zisebenzisa amandla amaninzi, ingakumbi amandla kwifeni yokungenisa umoya, amandla okufaka efrijini okupholisa nokukhupha umswakama ehlotyeni kunye nokufudumeza ukufudumala kunye nomphunga wokungenisa umswakama ebusika. Ke ngoko, umbuzo uphakama ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba umntu angawucima na umoya wegumbi ebusuku okanye xa ungasetyenziswa ukuze kongiwe umbane.
Akucetyiswa ukuba ucime inkqubo yokungenisa umoya ngokupheleleyo, kungcono ukuba ungakwenzi oko. Indawo, iimeko zoxinzelelo, i-microbiology, yonke into iya kuba ingalawuleki ngelo xesha. Oku kuya kwenza amanyathelo alandelayo okubuyisela imeko ehambelana ne-GMP ibe nzima kakhulu kuba ngalo lonke ixesha kuya kufuneka ukuqinisekiswa kwakhona ukuze kufikelelwe kwimeko eqhelekileyo ehambelana ne-GMP.
Kodwa ukuncipha kokusebenza kweenkqubo zokungenisa umoya (ukunciphisa umthamo womoya ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokungenisa umoya) kunokwenzeka, kwaye sele kusenziwa kwezinye iinkampani. Nalapha, nangona kunjalo, imeko ehambelana ne-GMP kufuneka ifezekiswe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa igumbi elicocekileyo kwakhona kwaye le nkqubo kufuneka iqinisekiswe.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka aqwalaselwe:
Ukunciphisa kungenziwa kuphela ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ukuba imida ethile yegumbi elicocekileyo emiselweyo kwimeko efanelekileyo ayiphulwa ngokubanzi. Le mida kufuneka ichazwe kwimeko nganye ngokwemeko yokusebenza kunye nendlela yokunciphisa kuquka amaxabiso aphantsi avumelekileyo kunye namaxabiso aphezulu, afana nodidi lwegumbi elicocekileyo (inani lamasuntswana anobukhulu obulinganayo besuntswana), amaxabiso athile emveliso (ubushushu, umswakama ohambelanayo), iimeko zoxinzelelo (umahluko woxinzelelo phakathi kwamagumbi). Qaphela ukuba amaxabiso kwimodi yokunciphisa kufuneka akhethwe ngendlela yokuba indawo ifikelele kwimeko ehambelana ne-GMP ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngaphambi kokuba imveliso iqale (ukuhlanganiswa kwenkqubo yexesha). Le meko ixhomekeke kwiiparameter ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezinto zokwakha kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo njl. Iimeko zoxinzelelo kufuneka zigcinwe ngalo lonke ixesha, oku kuthetha ukuba ukubuyela kwicala lokuhamba akuvumelekanga.
Ngaphezu koko, kucetyiswa ukuba kufakwe inkqubo yokubeka esweni igumbi elicocekileyo elizimeleyo nangayiphi na imeko ukuze kuhlale kubekwa esweni kwaye kubhalwe phantsi iiparameter ezithile zegumbi elicocekileyo ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Ngoko ke, iimeko zendawo echaphazelekayo zinokujongwa kwaye zibhalwe phantsi nangaliphi na ixesha. Kwimeko yokuphambuka (ukufikelela kumda) nakwimeko nganye nganye kunokwenzeka ukufikelela kwitekhnoloji yokulinganisa nokulawula inkqubo yokungenisa umoya kunye nokwenza uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo.
Ngexesha lokunciphisa kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba akukho mpembelelo zangaphandle ezingalindelekanga eziphazamisayo ezifana nokungena kwabantu ezivunyelweyo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kufakwe ulawulo lokungena olufanelekileyo. Kwimeko yenkqubo yokutshixa nge-elektroniki, imvume yokungena inokudityaniswa nenkqubo yexesha ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla kunye nenkqubo yokubeka esweni igumbi elicocekileyo elizimeleyo ukuze ukungena kuvunyelwe kuphela ngokuhambelana neemfuno ezichazwe kwangaphambili.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, omabini la mazwe kufuneka afaneleke kuqala aze emva koko afaneleke kwakhona ngamaxesha athile kwaye kufuneka kwenziwe imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yesimo sokusebenza esiqhelekileyo njengokulinganisa ixesha lokubuyisela kwimeko yokungasebenzi ngokupheleleyo kwesakhiwo. Kwimeko apho kukho inkqubo yokubeka esweni igumbi elicocekileyo, akufuneki - njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla - ukwenza imilinganiselo eyongezelelweyo ekuqaleni kokusebenza emva kwendlela yokunciphisa ukuba inkqubo iqinisekisiwe. Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kufuneka ibekwe kwinkqubo yokuqalisa kwakhona kuba ukubuyela okwethutyana kwendlela yokuhamba kunokwenzeka, umzekelo.
Lilonke malunga ne-30% yeendleko zamandla zinokulondolozwa ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela yokusebenza kunye nemodeli yotshintsho kodwa iindleko zotyalo-mali ezongezelelweyo zisenokufuneka zihlawulwe.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-26-2025